1. Garcia, “NASA Updates Spacewalk Assignments.”

2. Voosen, “Women make up just 15% of NASA’s Planetary Mission Science Teams.”

3. Star, “The Ethnography of Infrastructure,” 380.

4. Crane, Seales, Terras, “Cyberinfrastructure for Classical Philology,” section 17.

5. Ibid., section 19.

6. Liu, “Drafts for Against the Cultural Singularity (book in progress).”

7. Star, “The Ethnography of Infrastructure,” 380.

8. Anderson, “What Are Research Infrastructures?” 20–21.

9. Foka, et al., “Beyond Humanities qua Digital,” 273.

10. Ibid.

11. Star, “The Ethnography of Infrastructure,” 381–382. Bruno Latour also makes a similar point with regard to infrastructure’s visibility during breakdown by using construction sites as an analogy in Reassembling the Social, 88.

12. Liu, “Drafts for Against the Cultural Singularity (book in progress).”

13. Star, “The Ethnography of Infrastructure,” 377.

14. Guillory, “The Memo and Modernity,” 112.

15. Alberani et al., “The Use of Grey Literature in Health Sciences.”

16. Bowker and Star, Sorting Things Out, 34.

17. Ibid., 38.

18. Vismann, Files.

19. Bowker and Star, Sorting Things Out, 41.

20. Ibid., 44.

21. Ibid., 50.

22. Foucault, Security, Territory, Population, 322.

23. Civic Laboratory for Environmental Action Research (CLEAR), https://civiclaboratory.nl/

24. CLEAR, Civic Laboratory for Environmental Action Research (CLEAR) Lab Book.

25. du Gay et al., Doing Cultural Studies, 3–4.

26. Wilson, “A History of Home Economics Education in Manitoba 1826–1966,” 17.

27. Qtd in Wilson, “A History of Home Economics Education in Manitoba 1826–1966,” Appendix B, 218

28. Burwell et al., A Time in Our Lives.

29. Burwell and Burwell, “Extension in Manitoba,” 1.

30. Wershler, “Neepawa and Minnedosa 1959,” 66.

31. University of Manitoba News, “Five Stories, 105 Years.”

32. A fictional account of this history appears in Carol Shields’s 1992 novel Republic of Love (Toronto: Vintage Canada, 1994). Jessaca B. Leinaweaver published a paper on it in 2013, titled “Practice Mothers.”

33. There is another significant body of photo-documentation from this period, though there is less writing about it. One of the interesting things about this period is that the photographic record suggests a concerted effort on the part of the university to promote not only their sophisticated lab apparatus, but the presence of named lab technicians, who all had professional headshots taken. This is one possible avenue for ongoing research on this project.

34. Burwell and Burwell, “Extension in Manitoba,” 2.

35. Quoted in Burwell and Burwell, “Extension in Manitoba,” 2.

36. Wilson, “A History of Home Economics Education in Manitoba 1826–1966,” 42–43.

37. Burwell and Burwell, “Extension in Manitoba,” 1.

38. Ibid.

39. Wilson, “A History of Home Economics Education in Manitoba 1826–1966,” 37.

40. Parker and Burwell, “Women’s Institute,” 14.

41. Burwell and Burwell, “Extension in Manitoba,” 3.

42. Parker and Burwell, “Women’s Institute,” 14.

43. Ibid.

44. Burwell and Burwell, “Extension in Manitoba,” 4.

45. Scrase, “Foods and Nutrition,” 54.

46. Burwell, “4-H Club Program,” 39.

47. Strong-Boag, “Pulling in Double Harness or Hauling a Double Load,” 32.

48. Ibid., 43–44.

49. Ibid., 43–44.

50. Keselman, “Academic Structure Initiative Update.”

51. Galison and Jones, “Factory, Laboratory, Studio,” 498.

52. Ibid., 524.

53. Museum of Modern Art, Art in Our Time, 15. See also Museum of Modern Art, “Alfred H. Barr, Jr., Biographical Notes.”

54. Lowell, and the Fogg Art Museum, The Fine Arts in a Laboratory.

55. Kantor, Alfred H. Barr, Jr. and the Intellectual Origins of the Museum of Modern Art, 56.

56. Ibid., 93.

57. Ibid., 93

58. Monash University, “Emerging Technologies Lab Collaboration and Publication protocol.”

59. Liboiron et al., “Equity in Author Order.”

60. See also Beck and Bishop, “The Return of the Art and Technology Lab.”

61. This is also evident in the history of the art and technology lab as it emerges as part of US Cold War institutions. See Beck and Bishop, “The Return of the Art and Technology Lab.”

62. Frodeman, Sustainable Knowledge, 51.

63. Crow and Dabars, Designing the New American University.

64. Weingart, “A Short History of Knowledge Formations.”

65. Crow and Dabars, Designing the New American University, 204–205.

66. Ibid., 240.

67. University Innovation Alliance, http://www.theuia.org.

68. Crow and Dabars, Designing the New American University, 187.

69. Ibid., 187–88.

70. Zielinski, [. . . After the Media], 226.

71. To be fair, some European projects have tried to address this: Baltan Laboratories’ project set itself as an “Active laboratory space for research and development in the technological arts,” echoing also our contention that it often takes a lab to understand a lab. Plohman, A Blueprint for a Lab of the Future, 7. See also for example the CCCB (Barcelona) Dossier on laboratories in the cultural sector, which also includes various insights into the policy aspects in Europe: http://lab.cccb.org/en/dossier/laboratories.

72. Stripling, “Arizona State U has Problems, Just How Its President Likes It.”

73. See Wysocki, “Once Collegial, Research Schools Now Mean Business”; Phillips, “ASU Cancer Researchers Fired”; Irwin, “ASU Inc.”; Milun v. Arizona Board of Regents; and Wagner, Dennis, and Anne Ryman, “Prominent ASU Scientist Sues University and President Michael Crow, Alleging Retaliation.”

74. Crow and Bozeman, Limited by Design, 99.

75. Ibid., 98.

76. Wysocki, “Once Collegial, Research Schools Now Mean Business.”

77. Wagner and Ryman. “Prominent ASU Scientist Sues University and President Michael Crow, Alleging Retaliation.”

78. Crow and Dabars, Designing the New American University, 182, 307.

79. Foka, et al., “Beyond Humanities qua Digital,” 265.

80. Ibid., 266.