Index

Achebe, Chinua, 257
activism: community-based organizations (CBOs) and, 75, 92–94, 204–5; Eliza and, 176, 191, 193; hip-hop as, 257; rights to the city and, 205–6; Rosie and, 234–35; Sammy and, 235–37; selfie as, 264; storytelling and, 264, 266; waste economy and, 87–88
Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi, 324n10
Africa Uncensored, 294
Ahuja, Simone, 136
Akech, Akoko, 280
Alam, Shahidul, 29
alcohol abuse, 115–17
Ambani, Brian, 282
Amin, Ash, 210–11, 223
Apollo, Rosebella, 298
Appadurai, Arjun, 223
Archambault, Julie, 252
Archer, Kenna Lang, 313–14n3
Arora, Payal, 262–63
Atieno-Odhiambo, Eisha Stephen, 68, 78
auto-gestion (self-management), 82, 121, 125

Baldwin, James, 99
Banerjee, Abhijit, 142
Base of the Pyramid (BoP) protocol, 135–36, 140, 143–47, 164. See also Community Cleaning Services (CCS)
Bayat, Asef, 320n18
baze (base): Eliza and, 183–84, 185–86, 188–89; Jackson and, 228–29; Kahos and, 225–26; Kennedy and, 207–8, 210, 212–13; Mathare Environmental Conservation Youth Group (MECYG) and, 217–24; Mathare Number Ten Youth Group (MANYGRO) and, 95–97, 215–16; social function of, 94–97, 109–11, 125, 170, 183, 214, 265
Bejarano, Carolina Alonso, 28
Bergere, Clovis, 254
Bergman, Carla, 244
Berlant, Lauren, 322n2
Berman, Bruce, 60, 62, 75
Beyoncé, 44
Bhabha, Homi K., 49, 246
Bhan, Gautam, 37, 323n7
Biehl, João, 269
Biggie Smalls, 43
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, 321–22n8
blaxploitation, 53
Bourdieu, Pierre, 16, 46
brega, 49
Brega, La (NPR podcast series), 49
British Institute of East Africa (BIEA), 22
Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 133
Bullard, Robert, 15
Buru Buru, 234–35
business-led development: concept and evolution of, 133–37; hustling and, 139–43; sanitation and, 131–33, 144–46. See also Community Cleaning Services (CCS)

Carrier, Neil, 79–80
cartels, 294–95
Casanova-Burgess, Alana, 49
Central Bureau of Statistics, 66
Césaire, Aimé, 257
Chatterjee, Partha, 254
Cheddaz, 243–45, 263–69
Chiuri, Wanjiku, 71–73
Clay, Alexa, 48, 230
Collins, Daryl, 185
Comaroff, Jean, 36–37, 89
Comaroff, John, 36–37, 89
Comic Relief, 124
communitas, 92–94
Community Clarity Service (CCS), 162
Community Cleaning Services (CCS): closure of, 161–63, 186; Eliza and, 118, 160–61, 176, 183, 184, 186; impact of, 157–67, 295; Mambo and, 148, 156–57, 160–61, 231–32; origins and evolution of, 21–22, 146–51, 240; public toilets and, 145–46, 147, 151–53, 157, 159; trust and, 154–57
community-based organizations (CBOs), 75, 92–94, 204–5
Constant Gardner, The (2005 film), 63
Constituency Development Fund (CDF), 66
Covid-19 pandemic, 276, 277–79
Cross, Jamie, 136
culture, 246

Damnés de la terre, Les (Wretched of the Earth) (Fanon), 60
Dandora, 86, 102, 117–18, 120–21
Dandora Green Recyclers, 122
Darby, Derrick, 43, 258–59
David Copperfield (Dickens), 45
Davies, William, 313n2
Demon Copperhead (Kingsolver), 45
dependency theory, 60
Díaz-Quiñones, Arcadio, 49
Dickens, Charles, 45
digital technologies: ethnographic methodology and, 247–50; Nairobi youth and, 251–54. See also social media
Di Nunzio, Marco, 54, 91, 206
“Diva” (song), 44
Doherty, Jacob, 100–101
Dolan, Catherine, 164
Donga, 243–45, 263–69
Donovan, Kevin, 284
Douglas, Mary, 97–98
drug abuse, 115–17
Duflo, Esther, 142
Duneier, Mitchell, 28, 315n9

ecological hustles (eco-hustles), 88, 123–26, 275. See also sanitation; waste economy
ecological justice, 88
education: Eliza and, 178–79, 182, 185, 187, 196; Jackson and, 228; Kahos and, 224–25; in Nairobi, 71, 178, 196
Edwards, Michael, 135
Eliza: as activist and peer educator, 176, 181–82, 191, 193, 205; biography and family of, 174–83; Community Cleaning Services (CCS) and, 118, 160–61, 176, 183, 184, 186; on connections, 212, 215; ethnographic portrait of, 170–74; on hustling, 273; on Mambo, 232; shags and, 193–95; social media posts as storytelling and, 249; as woman in hustle economy, 183–96, 237; on women, 293
Emin, Tracey, 268
Engels, Friedrich, 66
entrepreneurship: Eliza and, 188–89; hustling and, 6–7, 78–79, 81, 97, 140–43, 146–47; misfit economy and, 230–31; nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and, 275; sanitation and, 131–33, 146–47 (see also Community Cleaning Services [CCS]); young people and, 89–90
Escobar, Arturo, 140
Esson, James, 57, 90–91
ethnographic methodology, 17–28, 130–33, 170–74, 247–50

Famous, Rich and in the Slums (2011 reality show), 63
Fanon, Frantz, 60
Farago, Jason, 323n5
Farrell, Lynsey, 213–14, 319n2
football, 106
Ford Foundation, 124, 218
Fouksman, Elizabeth, 287
Fredericks, Rosalind, 100, 259
Fuliza, 284–85
“Furukazi” (song), 285

garbage. See waste economy
Gates Foundation, 321–22n8
gender. See masculinity; women
George the Poet (George Mpanga), 255, 266, 324n11
getting by, 48
ghetto, use of term, 29
Ghetto Films Trust, 243–45, 263–65
Ghetto Foundation, 239–40
Ghetto Gava (2023 documentary), 294
Gidwani, Vinay, 142
gig economy, 6. See also informal economies
Gilroy, Paul, 49–50, 251
Gitau, Sammy, 129–30, 235–37, 243, 291
Githiora, Chege, 35–36
Giuliani, Rudolph, 99
Glissant, Édouard, 24–25, 45–46, 86, 250, 257
globalization, 86
Goff, Tao Leigh, 26
Grandmaster Flash, 43
Green Belt Movement, 125
Guma, Prince, 8, 82, 115
Günel, Gökçe, 314n6

habitus, 16, 89–90
Hake, Andrew, 11, 54
Hall, Stuart, 246
Hall, Suzi, 16
Hansberry, Lorraine, 40
Haraway, Donna, 322n9
Hart, Keith, 68–69, 141
Hart, Stuart, 134, 135, 144
Hartman, Saidiya, 40, 94, 314n5
Harvey, David, 205
Hasan, Hakim, 28
hip-hop: Covid-19 pandemic and, 277; hustling and, 43–45; as storytelling, 243–46, 250, 254–64, 267–68, 269–71; street knowledge and, 85–86; Timbas (Timberland shoes) and, 50; women and, 259–62
history, 247
hooks, bell, 94
housing: forms of, 61–67; mabati structures and, 19, 63–67, 70–71, 73, 129–30; tenements and, 63–67, 70–71, 73, 201–3. See also land tenure
Huchzermeyer, Maria, 63, 69, 201, 318n7
Huruma: arrests for illegal dumping in, 118–19; Eliza and, 174, 177, 185–92; Kibichoi baze in, 96; “leavers and stayers” in, 199–200, 202–3; urban poverty and housing in, 65–66
Hustle (dance style), 42–43
“Hustle, The” (song), 42–43
Hustler, The (1961 film), 42–43
Hustler, The (Tevis), 42–43
Hustler Fund, 283–85
hustling: business-led development and, 139–43 (see also Community Cleaning Services [CCS]); as “cartels,” 294–95; cognates of, 46–49; concept and meanings of, 1–7, 13–17, 273–77; Covid-19 pandemic and, 276, 277–79; creolized forms and practices of, 49–51; definitions and etymology of, 38–39; ecological justice and, 88 (see also ecological hustles [eco-hustles]); entrepreneurship and, 78–79, 81, 97, 140–43, 146–47; ethnographic methodology and, 17–28, 130–33, 170–74, 247–50; “everything can be fixed in the ghetto” attitude and, 291–92; gendered dynamics of, 169–71, 220, 222 (see also Eliza); impact of, 293–96; infrastructural breakdown and, 199, 201–3; intergenerational tension in, 226–28; Kahos’s perspective on, 301–5; learning with, 35–38; “leavers” and, 206–7, 224–30, 235–40, 245; “letting go” and, 56–57; loan schemes and, 283–85; misfit economy and, 48, 230–32; Museum Hill and, 288–91; normalization of, 285–88; performative dimension of (see storytelling); populism and, 280–83; recentering of, 296–99; representations of, 41–46; scholarship on, 51–55; sex work and, 189–90, 199; Sheng and, 13–14, 35–36, 273; “stayers” and, 206–24, 237–40, 245; transitions and, 199–201; in U.S. cities under Jim Crow, 39–41

illegal cities, 48
incompleteness, 8, 81–82, 91, 115, 133, 164–65, 203, 274
industrial cities, 66
informal economies: concept and history of, 6, 46, 55, 68–71, 80–81; jua kali sector and, 70–71, 80–81, 102, 281; kadogo (small) economy and, 73–75; young people and, 90–92. See also hustling
International Labour Organization (ILO), 69, 80, 285–86

Jackson, 109–10, 228–30
Jackson, Steven, 101
Jacobs, Jane, 216
Jay-Z, 43–44
Jeffrey, Craig, 322n2, 324n3
Jim Crow regime, 39–41
Johnstone-Louis, Mary, 164
Jones, Jeremy, 48
Joseph, Peniel, 40
jua kali sector, 70–71, 80–81, 102, 281
jugaad, 48

kadogo (small) economy, 73–75
Kahora, Billy, 317–18n4
Kahos. See Murimi, Edward Kahuthia
Kahura, Dauti, 280
Kaka, 211, 217–24, 237, 249, 292
Kanana, Fridah Erastus, 282
Kanogo, Tabitha, 61
Kariuki, Annah, 282
Karnani, Anil, 164
Karpouzoglou, Timos, 132–33
Kasarani Youth Congress, 107
Katumanga, Musambayi, 77
Katz, Cindy, 246
Kazi kwa Vijana (KKV, Work for Youth), 106–8, 210, 281
Kebeya, Hildah, 282
Kelley, Blair, 40, 41
Kennedy: baze (base) and, 207–8, 210, 212–13; Community Cleaning Services (CCS) and, 162–63; on drug and alcool abuse, 116; Eliza and, 191; on hustling, 273; infrastructural breakdown and, 201–2; as “stayer,” 199, 207–13, 237; storytelling and, 249; waste economy and, 207–13
Kenya African National Union (KANU), 71
Kenya Commercial Bank Limited (KBC), 284
Kenyatta, Jomo, 63–64, 70, 280–81
Kenyatta, Uhuru Muigai, 281, 317n1
Kibaki, Mwai, 9, 64, 281
Kibichoi Youth Group, 207, 212–13
Kikuyu people, 61–63, 69, 76–78, 81, 322n1
Kimani, Susan, 208–9
Kimari, Wangui, 4, 77, 88, 239–40
Kinder, Kimberley, 15, 100
King, Kenneth, 68, 81
Kingsolver, Barbara, 45, 116
Kinyanjui, Mary, 10, 73–74, 169–70, 238, 314n4
Kissmart, 243–45, 263–69
Klinenberg, Eric, 315n12
Korogocho (Koch), 234–35
Kosovo, 235–36, 243–45, 264–69
kukiya-kiya economy, 48
kuzurura (just roaming around), 110–11
Kwani? (Kahora), 317–18n4

land tenure, 59–60, 61–63, 69–73, 203–7. See also housing; shags (country)
Latour, Bruno, 5
Lawhon, Mary, 36–37, 132–33, 325n5
Lefebvre, Henri, 82, 205
Lewis, John, 5
Lewis, Jovan Scott, 94
liminality: “leavers and stayers” and, 237–38; women and, 171, 175; young people and, 90–94, 200–201, 213–14
Lionnet, Françoise, 38
loan schemes, 283–85
Locke, Peter, 269
Lockwood, Peter, 325n7
Lonsdale, John, 61–62, 78
Luo people, 174, 183

Maandamano, 298
Maathai, Wangari, 125
mabati housing, 19, 63–67, 70–71, 73, 129–30
Macharia, Margaret, 69
Mains, Daniel, 90
Majority World, use of term, 29
Makau, Jack, 298
Malcolm X, 39, 40, 41
Malone, Clare, 323n4
Mambo, 148, 156–57, 160–61, 217, 230–34
Map Kibera, 240, 321n6
March, Kathryn, 247
masculinity: hip-hop and, 257; hustling and, 41–42, 44, 173
Mashanti, 243–44
Massey, Doreen, 246
matatus (minibus taxis): Buru Buru and, 234; Covid-19 pandemic and, 277; graffiti art on, 85–86; hustling and, 2, 286; routes and regulation of, 17–18; storytelling and, 253–54
Mathare Community Resource Centre, 235–36
Mathare Environmental Conservation Youth Group (MECYG), 105–6, 112, 124, 217–24, 228
Mathare Number 10 (Mathare 10), 113. See also Community Cleaning Services (CCS)
Mathare Number Ten Youth Group (MANYGRO): baze (base) and, 95–97, 215–16; Community Cleaning Services (CCS) and, 149, 151–53; impact of, 295–96; public toilets and, 95, 114, 162; as “stayers,” 213–17; waste economy and, 109, 113–15
Mathare Social Justice Centre, 239–40, 319n1
Mathare Valley: ethnographic fieldwork in, 17–28, 130–33, 170–74, 247–50; self-help spirit of, 11, 71–73, 100, 123–25; urban poverty and housing in, 11–12, 63–67 (see also mabati housing; tenement housing)
Mathare Youth Sports Association (MYSA), 106, 226
Mathari Mental Hospital, 243
Mau Mau rebellion (1952–60), 61, 62, 77
Mawdsley, Emma, 131
Mbembe, Achille, 189–90
McCoy, Van, 42–43
McCreary, Tyler, 325n5
McFarlane, Colin, 314n7
McMillan Cottom, Tressie, 51, 52–53
McMullin, Jaremey, 210
Midnight Marauders (A Tribe Called Quest), 50
Millar, Kathleen, 46–47, 54, 100, 108–9, 314n8
Millennial Development Goals, 134
Millington, Nate, 133
Ministry of Labour and Social Protection, 319n3
Minority World, use of term, 29
misfit economy, 48, 230–32
Mitiambo, Peter Maangi, 318n6
Mlango Kubwa, 109–10, 112, 211, 217–24, 226–30, 249, 301–5. See also Mathare Environmental Conservation Youth Group (MECYG)
Modi, Narendra, 280
Moi, Daniel arap, 63–64, 70, 80–81, 102, 281
mondialité (worlding), 86
Monteith, Will, 3, 47
Montgomery, Nick, 244
Moore, Sarah, 100
Moser, Caroline, 141–42
Mosse, David, 130–31
Mpanga, George (George the Poet), 255, 266, 324n11
M-Pesa, 95–96, 114, 214–15, 284, 285
Mr. Green Africa, 122–23
M-Shwari, 284
mtaa (hood): Eliza and, 185–92, 196; as horizontal and vertical settlement, 65–66; lifestyles and habitus of, 13–17, 76–78, 89–92; performative dimension of (see storytelling). See also baze (base)
Mũ koma wa Ngũgĩ, 257–58
Mungiki, 76–78
Murimi, Edward Kahuthia, 28, 224–28, 230, 237–38, 240, 301–5
Museum Hill, 288–91
music: as storytelling, 243–46, 249, 250, 253–64, 267–68, 269–71. See also hip-hop
Muungano wa wanavijiji (United Slum Dwellers), 204
Mwaura, Grace, 194, 196
My Bed (Emin), 268
Mzee Kijana (Shei), 116–17, 153–54, 160, 162–63, 273

Nagar, Richa, 28
Nagle, Robin, 314n8
Nai Nami, 244, 265–67, 269–71
Nairobeez, 244, 265, 267–68
Nairobi: contradictions of modernity in, 9–10, 79–82; historical development of, 7–10, 59–63; informalization in, 68–71; kadogo (small) economy in, 73–75; migration into, 76; urban poverty and housing in, 9–10, 63–67 (see also mabati housing; tenement housing); waste management in, 65–66, 99–102 (see also waste economy); young people in, 89–97. See also Mathare Valley
Nairobi City Council (later Nairobi City County): housing and, 66, 67; informal economies and, 78; Mathare residents and, 72; waste economy and, 114, 117–18, 120–21
Nairobi City Water Company (NCWC), 232–33
Nairobi National Museum of Kenya, 288
Nakyagaba, Gloria Nsangi, 132–33
National Youth Service (NYS), 106, 281
Native Pass Law (1920), 69
NCBA, 284
Ndaka, Felix Mutunga, 256, 266
Ndii, David, 280
Nemer, David, 262–63
neoliberal capitalism, 9, 51–52, 55, 56, 163–64
Neurwirth, Robert, 314n5
Newell, Sasha, 90, 249–50
Newman, Paul, 42–43
New York Times (newspaper), 42
Ngau, Peter, 102
Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, 36, 257–58
Njenga, Joseph, 162
Nkako, Joel, 137
Noah, Trevor, 316n8
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs): Community Cleaning Services (CCS) and, 147, 165; Eliza and, 176, 191, 193; entrepreneurship and, 275; “leavers and stayers” and, 213–14, 217, 220–24, 239–40; peace-building activities and, 124; waste economy and, 120
Nwonka, Clive Chijioke, 270
Nyabola, Nanjala, 254
Nyamnjoh, Francis, 8, 133
Nyawira, Rosie, 22, 103–4, 204, 234–35, 277, 291–92

Obonyo, Raphael, 124
observing participation, 130–33
Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria, 53
Ochieng’, W. R., 68
Ochonu, Moses, 6, 7, 28
Ogola, George, 254
“Oh My God” (song), 50
Okal, Jerry, 298
opacity, 24–25, 45–46, 250

Page, Ben, 193–94
Pamoja Trust (PT), 105, 113, 203–4, 213, 218
Parasuraman, S., 135, 166–67
Park, Emma, 284
participant observation, 132
Parton, Dolly, 278
patchwork ethnography, 314n6
Pause N Play X Wagala, 259–62
Perry, Imani, 43
Peterson, Anne Helen, 325n4
Pettit, Harry, 322n2, 324n3
philanthrocapitalism, 135
Phillips, Kyra Maya, 48, 230
pirate modernity, 48
Polanyi, Karl, 274, 313n2
political language, 78–79
Polsky, Ned, 315–16n3
popular neighborhoods, use of term, 29
populism, 280–83
Prabhu, Jaideep, 136
Prahalad, C. K., 134, 144
precarity, 6, 46–47, 51, 286
Premier Bank Kenya, 282
protracted liminality, 90, 93, 175
public toilets: Community Cleaning Services (CCS) and, 145–46, 147, 151–53, 157, 159, 161–63; Mathare Number Ten Youth Group (MANYGRO) and, 95, 114, 162; significance of, 65–66, 129–30, 138–39
Pype, Katrien, 269–70

racial capitalism, 39, 51–53, 55, 99
Radjou, Navi, 136
Rai, Amit S., 48
Rajan, Kaushik Sunder, 26–27
relational autonomy, 108–11
Richardson, Chris, 16
rights to the city, 205–7
rites of passage, 92–93
Robinson, Cedric, 315n2
Rollefson, Griffith, 44
Rosie. See Nyawira, Rosie
Roughing It (Twain), 39
Ruto, William, 2, 271, 280–83, 298–99, 317n1

Safaricom, 284
Safire, William, 42
Said, Edward, 38, 246
Salim, 293
Salt-N-Pepa, 262
Sammy. See Gitau, Sammy
Sanergy, 188, 191
sanitation: as basic need, public good, human right, and business opportunity, 137–39; business-led development and, 131–33; ethnographic methodology and, 130–33, 135; horizontal vs. vertical settlements and, 65–66; toilet as public good and, 129–30. See also Community Cleaning Services (CCS); public toilets
Sarr, Felwine, 10, 50–51
Schmidt, Mario, 251
SC Johnson (SCJ), 144–46. See also Community Cleaning Services (CCS)
self-help, 11, 71–73, 100, 123–25
selfies, 192, 263–65, 267–68, 275
sex work, 189–90, 199
shags (countryside): Eliza and, 183, 193–95; Jackson and, 229–30; significance of, 201; “stayers” and, 206
Shani, Tetu, 285
Sharpe, Christina, 276, 314n7
Shei (Mzee Kijana), 116–17, 153–54, 160, 162–63, 273
Shelby, Tommie, 43, 258–59
Sheng (Kenyan Swahili vernacular): Eliza and, 192; hip-hop and, 254, 258, 260; hustling and, 13–14, 35–36, 273
Shih, Shu-mei, 38
Simanis, Erik, 135, 140–41
Simone, AbdouMaliq, 54, 55, 205, 210–11, 274–75
Singh, Juliette, 27
single motherhood, 71, 175–76, 179–82, 195–96
Skott-Myhre, Hans, 16
Slum/Shack Dwellers International (SDI), 105, 204, 218
slum tourism, 63
social entrepreneurship, 125–26
social media: Covid-19 pandemic and, 277; Eliza and, 176, 191–92; Nairobi youth and, 251–54; nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and, 214; selfies and, 192, 263–65, 267–68, 275; as storytelling, 244–46, 247–50, 260–62
Solomon, Marisa, 98–99
Sommers, Marc, 90
Sontag, Susan, 263
southern urban critique and practices, 36–38
Spence, Lester, 51
Standing, Guy, 47
Stanford, Jim, 6
Stewart, Kathleen, 276, 314n7
Stokes, Kathleen, 133
storytelling: hustling and, 240, 243–46, 253–54, 269–71; Kahos’s perspective on, 303–4; music as, 243–46, 249, 250, 253–64, 267–68, 269–71; selfies as, 263–65, 267–68; social media posts as, 244–46, 247–50, 260–62; street tours as, 244, 246, 249, 265–67, 269–71
Story Yetu (Our Story) (2010 film), 243–45, 263–65, 295
“Straight Outta Compton” (1988 song), 85–86
Straight Outta Compton (2015 film), 85–86
straining, 48
street children, 112
street tours, 244, 246, 249, 265–67, 269–71
Sundaram, Ravi, 48
sustainable development, 133–34, 144, 163
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), 134, 214
System D (système de débrouillardise), 48–49

Taggart, Jack, 131
taka ni pato (trash is cash), 104–6. See also waste economy
Taylor, Astra, 4
tenement housing, 63–67, 70–71, 73, 201–3
Tevis, Walter, 42
Thieme, Sebastien, 243–44, 263–64
Timbas (Timberland shoes), 50
Top Boy (TV series), 251
Transport Licensing Board, 17
trash. See waste economy
Tribe Called Quest, A, 50
Truelove, Yaffa, 36–37
Trump, Donald, 280
trust, 20, 73–74, 154–57, 208, 212, 302–3
Turner, Victor, 92–94
Twain, Mark, 39

Uber, 45
Uduny, Kevo, 162, 295
UN-Habitat, 222–24
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 71–73
United States Agency for International Development (USAID), 122
universal basic income (UBI), 279

Valentine, Bettylou, 40–41, 299
Van Stapele, Naomi, 77, 239–40
Varley, Ann, 318n7
Varma, Saiba, 314n6
Vicol, Dora-Olivia, 3, 47
Vigh, Henrik, 90

Wacquant, Loïc, 44
Wanjiru, Margaret, 66, 105–6, 130, 166, 209
Ward, Barbara, 11
Warzel, Charlie, 325n4
waste and waste management, 65–66, 97–102
waste economy: arrests for illegal dumping and, 117–20; auto-gestion (self-management) and, 82; Eliza and, 176, 180–81, 184, 199; green and circular economy and, 120–23; Jackson and, 229; kadogo (small) economy and, 74–75; Kahos’s perspective on, 303–4; Kennedy and, 207–13; liminality and communitas in, 93–94; Mathare Number Ten Youth Group (MANYGRO) and, 213–17; origins and evolution of, 12–13, 14–15, 102–6; relational autonomy and, 108–11; social function of, 111–17; values and effects of, 123–25; young people and, 85–88
Watanabe, Chika, 314n6
Watkins, Craig, 53
Weiss, Brad, 90, 251
West, Cornel, 258–59
wheelbarrownomics, 280
White, Joy, 259
White, Luise, 54
Willems, Wendy, 253
Williams, Philippa, 3, 47
Wilson, William Julius, 316–17n10
women: hip-hop and, 259–62; hustling and, 169–71, 220, 222 (see also Eliza); single motherhood and, 175–76, 179–82, 195–96; solidarity networks and, 292–93
World Environment Day, 213–15
World Health Organization (WHO), 137
Wretched of the Earth (Les Damnés de la terre) (Fanon), 60
Wrong, Michela, 66–67

youth employment schemes, 106–8. See also Kazi kwa Vijana (KKV, Work for Youth)

Zabbaleen, 102–3
Zollman, Julie, 285

Series List Continued (2 of 2)