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Digital Communications Possessed: Abbreviations and Technical Terms

Digital Communications Possessed

Abbreviations and Technical Terms

Abbreviations and Technical Terms

3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project

ACE Application Control Engine

ACK Shorthand for “acknowledgment,” often used in packet switching

ACM Association for Computing Machinery

ANS Advanced Network Services

ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency

ARPANET A packet-switching digital communication system by Advanced Research Projects Agency

ASN Autonomous Systems Numbers

AUTOVON A secure telephone system designed by AT&T for the American military.

BBN Bolt, Beranek, and Newman Inc.

BBS Bulletin Board System

BE Best Efforts delivery guarantee

BEREC Body of European Regulators of Electronic Communications

BGP Border Gateway Protocol

BIRD An internet protocol–routing project targeting Linux and UNIX-like systems. Its acronym stands for “BIRD Internet Routing Daemon,” a nod to GNU standing for “GNU Is Not UNIX.”

BSD Berkeley Software Distribution, an operating system derived from UNIX

CAIDA Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis

CAIP The Canadian Association of Internet Providers

CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

CDN Content Distribution Networks

CGO Canadian Gamers Organization

CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing, a standard that includes a notation method for IP addresses

CMTS Cable Modem Termination System

CRTC Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission

CSEC Communications Security Establishment of Canada

CTSS Compatible Time-Sharing System, one of the first time-sharing operating systems

CYCLADES French packet-switching project developed in the 1970s

DAEMON A computer program running in the background of a computer system as an automated process rather than being under the direct command of a user

DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, what Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) is now called

DASH Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP

DDoS Distributed Denial of Service attack

DHT Distributed Hash Tables

DNS Domain Name System

DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (enable broadband over coaxial cable)

DPI Deep Packet Inspection

DRM Digital Rights Management

DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer

E2E End-to-End principle

eBGP External Border Gateway Protocol

EFF Electronic Frontier Foundation

FCC Federal Communications Commission

FIDONET A worldwide communication network between electronic Bulletin Board Systems

FTP File Transfer Protocol

GATEWAY Generic term to describe hardware that interconnects different systems. The core internet requires gateways to interconnect autonomous systems.

HCI Human–Computer Interaction

HOST A device connected to the internet

HSIS High-Speed Internet Service

HSPA High-Speed Packet Access

HTML HyperText Markup Language

HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol

Hub Obsolete piece of network infrastructure that interconnected computers and forwarded packets. Hubs forwarded packets to all ports, unlike their successor, switches.

I2P The Invisible Internet Project

IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

iBGP Internal Border Gateway Protocol

ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IETF Internet Engineering Task Force

IMP Interface Message Processor

IoT Internet of Things

IP Internet Protocol address

IPRED Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement Directive

IPSec Internet Protocol Security

IPTO Information Processing Techniques Office, part of the Advanced Research Projects Agency

IRC Internet Relay Chat

IRE Institute of Radio Engineers, predecessor to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

ISP Internet Service Provider

ITMP Internet Traffic Management Practices, a term used by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission

ITU International Telecommunications Union

LTE Long-Term Evolution

MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology

M-Lab Measurement Lab, an open platform for internet measurement

Modem Modulator-Demodulator, device used to send digital signals over analog lines

MP3 MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, a coding format for digital audio

MPAA Motion Picture Association of America

MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching

NAC Network Analysis Corporation

NCC Network Control Center at BBN

NCP Network Control Program at University of California, Los Angeles

NMC Network Measurement Center

NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol

NPL National Physical Laboratory

NSA U.S. National Security Agency

NSFNET National Science Foundation Network

OLIVER On-Line Interactive Vicarious Expediter and Responder

OSPF Open Shortest Path First routing protocol

P2P Peer-to-Peer

PBE Priority Best Efforts delivery guarantee

PCC Policy and Charging Control architecture

PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet

PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

PTS Policy Traffic Switch

QoS Quality of Service

RAND The Research ANd Development corporation

RFC Request for Comments

RFNM Request for Next Message

RFQ Request for Quotations

Router Generic term to refer to hardware capable of maintaining routing tables and forwarding packets between networks

RSVP Resource reSerVation Protocol

SABRE Semi-Automated Business Research Environment

SAGE Semi-Automatic Ground Environment

SCE Service Control Engine

SDN Software-Defined Networking

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SRT System Response Time

Switch Generic term to refer to hardware that forwards packets between devices in a local area network. Switches are intelligent enough to send packets only to the appropriate port for the packet to reach its destination, unlike its predecessor hubs.

TCP Transmission Control Protocol

TCP/IP The Internet Protocol Suite (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol)

TOR The Onion Router

TPB The Pirate Bay

UDP User Datagram Protocol

VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol

VPN Virtual Private Network

WAAS Wide Area Application Services

WELL Whole Earth ’Lectronic Link

WoW World of Warcraft

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