Index
Page numbers in italics refer to figures.
activism: around aging, 127–32; cancer, 9, 20, 23, 24–26; in cemeteries, 157–58, 225n101; citizenship, 87, 202n81; health-related, 65; obesity interventions, 75–79, 80, 202n84; social-networking, 41. See also militancy/militarism
adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), 10–11, 73, 84–89, 93–94, 200n59, 200n62, 201n68; brown adipose tissue cell, 70
Advanced Cosmetic Surgery, fat banking by, 87
affect: of hope, 21–24, 28, 29, 31, 36, 39, 40; Massumi’s theory of, 172n5
affirmation(s): of afterlife, 12–13, 135–59, 161–62; biopolitics of, 3–4, 39, 163, 166n5, 171n47; to green death, 11, 12–13, 135–59, 161–62; of health, 115; of hope, 8–9, 19–45; politics of, 3–4, 135, 161; to secure the life of the aging, 11–12, 38–39, 97–132; to target, 9–10, 47–68, 191n85; to thrive, 10–11, 71–94; in U.S. biocultures, 6, 7, 8–13. See also life
African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT), 52–53, 184n24, 185n30
African Americans: cancer incidence rates in, 39, 40, 88; fatness and obesity in, 80–81; health disparities/problems of, 48, 56, 60, 179n79, 182n13; heart failure in, 9, 49, 52–54, 55, 113–14, 185n29; loss of sovereignty over dead bodies, 152, 154, 157; slavery/slaves, 182n13, 222n79; subjection of, 67. See also BiDil; blackness/blacks; medical hot-spotting; race; racism
afterlife: affirmation of, 12–13, 135–59, 161–62; biocultures of, 136, 138–49, 156; biopresence in, 144, 145–49; death justice, 156–59; governance of, 144, 150, 151; greening of, 12–13, 146–55. See also bioremediation; burials; death
Agamben, Giorgio, 15
Age Gain Now Empathy System (AGNES, prosthetic suit), 126–27, 127
aging, 97–132; activism regarding, 127–32; age-related decline, 11, 12, 98–100, 105, 112–24; aging well, 99–111; biofinancialization of, 11–12, 98–99, 107–11; biomedicalization of, 12, 115–24, 128, 202n6; biopolitics of, 11, 108, 110, 116; counterconducts of, 124–32; Foucault on, 97; governance of, 12, 100, 108, 111–24; vulnerability of, 12, 127–28, 132–33. See also biocultures, U.S.; eldercare; independent living; productivity; third age
ambulatory care facilities, 117, 209n100
American Cancer Society (ACS), 24, 26, 174n18
American CryoStem Corporation, fat banking by, 87
American Heart Foundation, predictions by, 94
American Indians. See Native Americans
American Medical Association, Resolution 420, 74
Anatomy Bequest Program (Mayo Clinic), 143
AstraZeneca (pharmaceutical company), 26, 34
Avon Walk for Breast Cancer, 30–31
Baba Yaga House, 130
“Banners of Hope” (poem), 19, 20
Beautiful and Bald Movement, 41
Berlant, Lauren, 16, 71, 77, 81, 90, 170n40
Best Cities for Successful Aging, rankings of, 102
BiDil (heart failure drug), 9, 10, 49, 50–56, 59, 64; FDA approval, 184n21, 184n24, 185n28, 185n30; sales from, 186n36. See also pharmaceuticals
biocitizenship, 6, 24, 81; neoliberal, 60, 190n76; Rose on, 13, 55, 174n14. See also biological subcitizenship; citizenship
biocultures, U.S., 1–8; affirmations in, 6, 7, 8–13; of afterlife, 136, 138–49, 156; of aging, 11–12, 97–100, 105–6, 112, 115, 124, 128, 132, 203n6; alternative, 7, 16; of anti-obesity, 72, 73–82, 89–90; of cancer, 9, 20, 21–24, 25, 28, 29–39, 40; of death, 138–49; of erasure, 117–24; of hope, 23; of late liberalism, 14, 164; of life-making, 2, 72, 161; of race-based health, 48–52, 57; of stem-cell science, 72–73, 82–90, 93–94; transnational nature of, 168n27; use of term, 6–7, 169n36
bioeconomy: of death, 147–48; of the human body, 142; race-specific, 55–56. See also economy; political economy
bioethics, 35–39. See also ethics
biofinancialization: of aging, 11–12, 98–99, 107–11; of racial differences, 54–56, 57
biofutures, 163–64; alternative, 8, 68. See also futurity
bio-identities, 105
BioLife Cell Bank, LLC: fat banking by, 87
biological subcitizenship, 16, 81, 125, 199n46. See also biocitizenship; citizenship
biomedicine, U.S.: abolitionist, 10, 63–68; of aging, 12, 115–24, 128, 203n6; of cancer, 174n21; centrality of, 1–2; convergence of culture and, 6; of fatness, 76; for-profit sector, 116–17, 209n100; of health, 25, 112–13; hope’s role in, 22–23, 26, 35, 41; of human body, 27, 103, 105–6; infrastructures of care, 31–34; of life, 14, 38, 164; logics of, 7, 10, 17, 28, 125, 164, 169n36; neoliberal biopolitics and, 5–6; racialized, 47–52, 57–58, 181n9, 182n13; rationalities of, 15, 29, 169n36; religion in, 37–39; use of term, 166n3. See also medicine
biopiracy, 13, 137, 152, 182n13, 191n87
biopolitics: of affirmation, 3–4, 39, 163, 166n5, 171n47; of aging, 11, 108, 110, 118; of death, 15, 141, 144, 145, 147, 149–50, 154; discipline and, 8–9, 167n16; of disposability, 16, 67, 111, 124, 183n14; Foucault on, 2–3, 64, 138, 215n1; governance function of, 64, 108; of hope, 22; of letting die, 41, 161; of life, 4, 81, 110; of life-making, 23, 37, 99, 119, 161; of make live / let die relationship, 12–13, 162, 164; neoliberal, 5–6, 14–15, 51, 63, 124, 164, 174n19; race-specific, 9–10, 47–52, 55, 57, 61, 63–64, 66, 68; of security, 97, 203n5. See also politics
biopower: economy of, 82; Foucault on, 2, 166n7, 167n17. See also power
biopresence, 137, 141, 144, 145–49, 150, 153–54, 215n6
bioremediation, 12–13, 136–38, 141–48, 149, 150–55, 156, 215n5
bios, 15
biosecurity, 191n85; racialized, 57–63. See also security
biosurveillance, 60, 62, 63, 105–6. See also medical hot-spotting; surveillance
biotechnologies: cancer, 27, 35, 38; of corpse disposal, 12–13, 152; race-based targeting by, 48–52. See also adipose-derived stem cells; bioremediation; resomation; technologies
biovalue, 110, 142, 150; Rose on, 14, 72–73
Black Lives Matter, die-ins, 66–68, 67
blackness/blacks: bodies of, 48, 59, 60; in Camden, 187n52; equated with risk, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 64; health disparities/problems of, 56, 183n16; inequities in health care for, 181nn5–6; as Other, 49–50; use of term, 169n29, 182n10; vulnerability of, 10, 50. See also African Americans; racism; violence
Black Panther Party, 65–66, 66
Bliss, James, 182n10
Boards of Hope (art-based cancer initiative), 30
body, human: acting on, 165n2; age-related decline of, 11, 12, 98–100, 105, 112–24; anatamo-politics of, 3; bioeconomy of, 147–48; biomedicalization of, 27, 103, 105–6; black, 48, 59, 60; disciplining of, 27, 28, 77, 167n17; ideal or normative, 71, 76, 77; problem, 64; racialized, 50, 54, 62; vulnerability of, 9, 20, 164. See also corpses
Body Mass Index (BMI), 75, 77, 79, 194n3. See also fat/fatness; obesity
breast cancer: alternative views of, 42–44; hope in fight against, 9, 23–39; poster depicting attack on, 18; racial disparities in incidences of, 40, 88, 201n77. See also cancer; war on cancer
breast reconstruction, 83, 85–86, 200n61; using fat tissue for, 87, 88–89, 202n80. See also adipose-derived stem cells
Brenner, Jeffrey, 187n54, 187n56
Broom, Dorothy, 31
Brown, Nik, 22
Brown, Wendy, 165n1
burials: green, 134, 146–48; of indigent or unknown people, 153, 223n87; no remains movement, 141, 142–45, 150–52, 156–59, 218n28, 220n56; volunteers helping with, 225n100. See also cemeteries; corpses; funeral industry
Bursey, Charles (Black Panther), 66
Bush, Haydn, 47
Cacho, Lisa Marie, 16
Camden (New Jersey): demographics of, 187n49, 187n52; medical hot-spotting in, 9, 49, 57–63, 187n56
cancer: activism regarding, 9, 20, 23, 24–26; in African Americans, 39, 40, 88; awareness of, 174n18; biocultures of, 9, 20, 21–24, 25, 28, 29–39, 40; biomedicalization of, 174n21; fighting through hope, 8–9, 19–45; infrastructures of care, 31–34; material emergence of, 86, 90, 93; politics of, 40, 43, 44; stem cell proliferation as cause of, 11; survival rates, 27, 29, 31, 33, 39–40. See also breast cancer; war on cancer
Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA), 38–39
Cantor, David, 174n21
capitalism: commodity, 15, 87; late, 141; racial, 150; rise of, 167n12. See also biocapital; economy
care, 132, 164; cardiac, 113–14, 208n86; customized delivery of, 51, 63; deadly, 12, 99, 112, 119–21, 124; death, 138–49; hope and, 31–34; improving structural conditions of, 128; infrastructures of, 31–34; medicalization of, 120; mother standard of, 178n68; politics of, 161; racially segmented, 62–63. See also ambulatory care facilities; eldercare; health care; home care; hospices; hospitals; nursing homes; self-care
Carey, Bob, The Tutu Project, 42–43, 43, 44, 45
Carmona, Richard, 74
Carney, Megan A., 92
cemeteries, 217n23, 223n87; activism at, 157–58, 225n101; African American, 157; conservation burial grounds, 220n62, 221n63; defilement of, 224n98; military grave, 158; reform of, 139–40, 217n17; segregation in, 154, 155. See also burials; death; funeral industry; greening death
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): on nursing homes, 118; on obesity, 73–74, 78
Chandra, Rajshree, 169n36
Chemed Corp., 123–24
chemotherapy, 23, 32, 37, 173n13. See also war on cancer
citizenship: active, 87, 202n81; ideal, 60, 80, 89; in late liberalism, 13; new forms of, 28, 107. See also biocitizenship; biological subcitizenship
City of Hope (Los Angeles cancer center), 32
Clarke, Adele, 1–2
class: cancer incidence rates based on, 39, 40; inequities in funeral practices based on, 138, 154, 156; material deprivation based on, 80; retirement quality based on, 101, 104. See also poor people
coffins, environmental, 134. See also burials
Cohousing Association of the United States, 129
commemoratives, creating from human body, 12, 146, 148–49, 150, 152, 221n68. See also DNA trees
Congressional Cemetery (Washington, D.C.), 225n101
containment: of African-American freedom, 181n6; of corpses, 139–40, 141, 215n3; cost, 59, 63, 189n66; spatial, 62; threat, 51
Cook, Deborah, 167n12
corpses, disposal of, 135–36, 215n2, 222n80; greening, 12–13, 146, 154, 155; minorities’ loss of sovereignty over, 152, 154; no remains movement, 141, 142–45, 150–53, 156–59, 218n28, 220n56. See also bioremediation; burials; commemoratives; embalming
cremation, 139, 146, 153; direct, 222n82; flameless, 144, 152; materials used for, 218n39, 219n50, 220n53; popularity of, 138, 140–41, 143–45, 217n23. See also resomation
crime hot-spotting, 57–58, 62. See also medical hot-spotting
critique, 17, 45, 180n89; Foucault on, 163–64, 180n89, 226n12
culture. See biocultures, U.S.
Cytori Therapeutics, Inc.: RESTORE procedure, 200n62
Czerny, Vincent, 83
data mining, 191n87. See also medical hot-spotting
Davies, Douglas James, 155
Davis, Leonard J., 169n36
Deason, Lucinda M., 120
death: acceptance of, 42, 44, 163–64; affirmation of, 11, 135–59; avoiding, 112–13; biocultures of, 138–49; biopolitics of, 15, 141, 144, 145, 147, 149–50, 154; commodification of, 146, 151; ecology of, 146–48; equated with blackness, 49; Foucault on, 5, 15, 161; good, 115, 159; governance of, 137, 141–42, 155, 156, 159, 215n1; home, 147, 221n64; justice in, 156–59; obscuring, 9, 16, 28, 31, 39, 40–41, 135; politics of, 8, 14–15, 170n39; racialization of, 60, 224n97; studies of, 215n4. See also afterlife; burials; corpses; funeral industry; greening death; letting die; life-making; make live / let die relationship; slow death; social death
death-in-life, 16, 142, 163; forms of, 8, 15, 17, 149–50
deathscapes, 139–40, 147, 154, 156. See also cemeteries
Delvecchio-Good, Mary-Jo, 21
dependency, 100, 104; shadowlands of, 115–24
Descartes, René, 194n5
Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) Prospective Payment System (Medicare), 115–16, 119, 208n94, 209n97, 209n100
diet industry, 76, 82. See also intervention(s)
disability: avoiding, 98, 105; nonproductivity and, 111, 124; treating oldness as, 106–7
disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), 109–11, 207n68; infographic showing, 96
discipline, 7, 167n14; biopolitics and, 8–9, 167n16; of dead bodies, 141, 154; Foucault on, 3, 167n12; hope as form of, 8–9, 22, 37, 39, 41; of human body, 27, 28, 77, 167n17; to overcome obesity, 72, 75, 76; self-care as, 190n76; technologies for, 31, 167n17. See also governance; regularizing/regulation
Discount Gun Sales company, 26, 175n23
discrimination. See racism
disease: avoiding, 98, 105; racial disparities in, 39–40, 60, 88, 201n77; social etiologies of, 65, 186n41; surveillance of, 27
disposability, biopolitics of, 16, 67, 111, 124, 183n14. See also corpses
Diverse Elders Coalition (DEC), 128, 212n142
DNA trees, 149, 154, 221n73. See also commemoratives
drugs. See pharmaceuticals
Du Bois, W. E. B., 51, 63, 181n5, 181n7; The Philadelphia Negro, 47, 48, 50
DuPuis, Melanie, 80
Duster, Troy, 53–54
economy: affective, 32; of aging, 108–9, 115, 124; of biopower, 82; corporate, 26; of health, 111, 124; new forms of, 107, 165n1; power and, 82, 167n12; volunteer, 101. See also bioeconomy; capitalism; political economy
Edelman, Lee, 17
Ehrenreich, Barbara, 26, 30, 31
eldercare, 105, 112, 115–24, 204n23. See also care; cohousing; Diverse Elders Coalition; home care; hospices; nursing homes
embalming, 138–39, 141; alternative methods of, 147, 220n52; eschewing, 146, 158. See also burials; corpses; funeral industry
Encore.org, 101
epigenetics, 81
Esposito, Robert O., 14–15, 171n47
Eternal Reef, 148–49
Eternity company, 148
ethics: as form of critique, 17; Foucault on, 226n14; of vulnerability, 227n16. See also bioethics
Ettlinger, Nancy, 118
extrabiomedical sphere, 12, 112, 117–24. See also biomedicine, U.S.
failure to thrive (FTT), 10, 72, 78, 195n6
Fanon, Frantz, 226n11
Fassin, Didier, 81, 162, 199n46
fat banking, 11, 87–88, 93, 202n88
fat/fatness, 71–94; as failure to thrive, 10, 72, 78, 195n6; hunger’s correlation to, 198n44; interventions against, 75–79, 81–82, 89–90; negative views of, 71–72, 73–89; politics of, 202n84; posters protesting weight bigotry, 91, 92; racialization of, 80–81, 198n43; regenerative medicine from, 10–11; white fat tissue cell, 70. See also adipose-derived stem cells; obesity; stem cells
Federal Action Plan of May 2010, reducing obesity, 79
fitness, 102; programs of, 10, 76, 79, 82, 198n38; for retirement, 104, 105; Rose on, 165n2; use of term, 196n17
Fjord, Lakshmi, 113
Flint (Michigan), deaths from water crisis in, 153
food deserts, 81, 198n38, 198nn42–43
Foucault, Michel: on adult adoption, 131; on aging, 97; on biopolitics, 2–3, 64, 138, 215n1; on the clinical gaze, 194n3; on critique, 163–64, 180n89, 226n12; on death, 5, 15, 161; on discipline, 3, 167n12; on ethics, 226n14; on make live / let die relationship, 4; on power, 2, 77, 166n7, 167n17, 168n18, 170n40; on racism, 47, 138, 149, 181n3; on truth, 131, 173n8
fourth age, shadowlands of, 99, 112, 115–24. See also aging; third age
Franke, Katherine, 181n6
Franklin, Sarah, 21
Free Breakfast for Children program (Black Panther Party), 65, 66
Freedman’s Bureau, 181n6
Frost, Samantha, 169n36
functional aging, 104–7; maintenance of, 108, 126; promoting, 111, 124. See also aging; third age
funeral industry, 138–41, 151, 158, 216n11, 224n95. See also burials; cemeteries; corpses; death
futurity, 50, 64, 66, 87, 111, 202n81. See also biofutures
gaze, medicalized, 102, 120, 191n85, 194n3
gender, 39–40, 150, 198n38, 206n53
Generations United, 131
Genetic Risk Assessment in Heart Failure (GRAHF) study, 185n30. See also African-American Heart Failure Trial
gerontology, 98, 104, 106, 124. See also aging; eldercare
Gilmore, Ruth “Ruthie” Wilson, 16, 168n23
Give Hope Box, 29
Golden Girls Roommate Network, 129–30
Golder, Ben, 131
governance: of afterlife, 144, 150, 151; of aging, 12, 100, 108, 111–24; in biocultures of cancer, 39; biopolitical, 64, 108; of blacks, 181nn5–6; of the dead/of death, 124–25, 135–38, 141–42, 145, 150–51, 154–56, 159, 215n1; of health, 57, 61; hope as form of, 8–9, 20, 22, 25; of life, 2, 28, 100, 104, 149, 161, 162; modes of, 15; of obesity, 72, 75–77, 89–90; racial, 16, 50–51, 63, 150; rationalities of, 98, 165n1; of risk, 56; of urban civil society, 192n92. See also discipline; regularizing/regulation
Greco, Monica, 71
Green Burial Council, 147
greening death: affirmation to, 12–13, 135–59, 161–62; biocultures of death care, 138–49; bioremediation of dead body, 141–49; death justice, 156–59; green burial pod, 134; greening afterlives, 149–55
Gupta, Pamila, 135
Guthman, Julie, 80
Hammond, Augustine, 120
Haraway, Donna, 143
Hartman, Saidiya, 226n11
Havighurst, Robert, 98
health, 5, 108, 115, 207n68; biomedical model of, 25, 112–13; enterprises of, 27, 65; governance of, 57, 61; individualizing, 55–56, 89; metrics of, 107–12, 124; race-specific biopolitics of, 9–10, 47–52, 57, 64, 66, 68, 189n63; racial disparities in, 48, 56, 60, 179n79, 182n13, 183n16; social and environmental factors of, 189n66, 193n93. See African Americans; Latinx; public health
Health at Every Size (HAES) movement, 90, 91, 92
health care, 3, 8; cost reduction efforts in, 186n48; provision of, 6, 100, 110, 118; race-based inequities in, 181nn5–6; routinization of, 113–15. See also care; eldercare; home care; self-care
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), 187n56
heart failure, in African Americans, 9, 49, 52–54, 55, 113–14, 185n29. See also BiDil
Hedrick, Marc, 83
Hemmings, Clare, 21
home care, 128–31, 204n24, 209n100; technologies for, 102–4, 106. See also care; cohousing; eldercare; health care; self-care
home deaths, 147, 221n64. See also death
Hong, Grace Kyungwon, 15–16
Hoops 4 Hope, 30
hope: affirmation of, 8–9, 19–45; affect of, 21–24, 28, 29, 31, 36, 39, 40; alternative tactics for, 39–45; bioethics of faith, 35–39; biomedicalization of, 22–23, 26, 35, 41; commercialization of, 44; discipline and, 8–9, 22, 37, 39, 41; as form of militancy, 24–28, 172n4; as governance, 8–9, 20, 22, 25; infrastructures of care, 31–34; in late liberalism, 9, 20; logics of, 171n3; martial qualities of, 172n4; spectacles of, 29–31; of survival, 163; as weapon in war on cancer, 23, 24–39
Hope Barbie (doll), 41–42, 180n83
Hope Cancer Ministries (HCM), 42
Hope handgun, 26, 27–28, 29, 175n23
HopeLab (nonprofit organization), 36
Hope Lodge network (ACS), 33–34
Hope on Wheels (Hyundai), 30
hope scales, 36
hospices, 12, 111, 117–18, 121–24, 125, 130, 211n127
hospitals, 116–17, 209n100, 210n102
hot-spotting. See crime hot-spotting; medical hot-spotting
housing. See cohousing
Human Longevity Inc., 106
Hunt, Alastair, 17
implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), 113–14, 208n86
Implant Recycling LLC, 143
Inda, Jonathan, 54, 56, 186n41
independent living, 101–4, 105, 106–7, 204n24; promoting, 108, 111, 124. See also aging; third age
individualism, 126, 131, 203n14
Infinity Burial Suit, 147
intergenerational housing. See cohousing
Intergenerational Learning Centre, 130–31
intervention(s): into aging, 99, 105, 108; biomedical, 112–15; into disposal of corpses, 135–36; ethical, 16; against fatness, 72, 75–79, 81–82, 89–90; targeted, 10, 49–51, 59, 64
I STAND photo campaign, 90, 91, 92, 202n84
Jain, S. Lochlann, 40, 42–43, 111, 163
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, war on poverty, 64–65
Kahn, Robert, 98
Kaiser Permanente, motto of, 195n8
Kaufman, Sharon R., 100, 113, 114
Kent, Le’a, 72
Kentucky Fried Woman (poster), 91
Kinkara Company, 148
Koop, C. Everett, 74
Laslett, Peter, 98
Latinx: in Camden, 187n52; differential governance of, 50; health disparities/problems of, 60, 80, 183n16. See also minorities
Laurie, Emma Whyte, 110
Lawton, Julia, 122
LeBesco, Kathleen, 90
Lee, Jae Rhim, death suit concept, 147
legacy. See commemoratives
Lemke, Thomas, 167n16
Let’s Move!, childhood fitness campaign, 79, 198n38
letting die, 8, 90, 163; biopolitics of, 41, 161; forms of, 4–5, 15, 81. See also death; make live / let die relationship
liberalism, late: biocultures of, 14, 164; citizenship in, 13; democracies in, 55, 87; forms of hope in, 9, 20; governance of afterlife under, 144; life-making in, 1, 5–6; management of aging in, 106; rationalities of, 98; Rose on, 165n1. See also biopolitics; neoliberalism
life, 2, 167n17, 174n19; affirmation of, 35, 136, 152, 161, 162–64; biomedicalization of, 14, 38, 164; biopolitics of, 4, 81, 110; good, 115, 159; governance of, 2, 28, 100, 104, 149, 161, 162; morbid, 114–15, 125; political economy of, 25, 41; politics of, 14–15, 16, 63, 81, 171n47; power of, 2, 15, 171n47. See also afterlife; make live / let die relationship
life expectancy, 97, 100, 109, 110–11. See also longevity
LifeGem company (Illinois), 148, 221n68
life-making, 1–8; biocultures of, 2, 72, 161; biopolitics of, 23, 37, 99, 119, 161; deadly, 4–5, 8, 13, 124, 162, 164; in late liberalism, 1, 5–6; for managing aging, 112; politics of, 162–63; practices of, 14, 15, 16, 135; U.S. efforts, 168n27. See also make live / let die relationship
Lin, Chih-Chen Trista, 171n47
liposuctions, 84–85, 94. See also fat banking; fat/fatness; obesity
Lipsitz, George, 189n65
Liquid Gold fat bank, 87
Lobo-Guerrero, Luis, 97
longevity, 100–101, 102, 105–6, 107, 108; promoting, 111, 112. See also aging; life expectancy
Look Good . . . Feel Better program (Avon), 30–31
Lorde, Audre, 226n11
Madge, Clare, 137
make live / let die relationship, 4, 115; biopolitics of, 12–13, 162, 164; materializing cancer, 86, 93; rates of, 108–11. See also death; letting die; life-making
Markula, Pirkko, 75
Marshall, Barbara L., 105, 106
Massumi, Brian, 172n5
Matthews International Corporation cremation division, 144
Mbembe, Achille, 15
McClain, Rand, 86
McKittrick, Katherine, 163, 226n11
medical hot-spotting, 57–63; in Camden, 9, 49, 57–63, 187n56; data mining for, 191n87; militant nature of, 62, 63, 192n92; origins of, 187n54, 187n56; programs of, 187n61; promotion of self-care, 60–62, 64; race-specific, 10, 50–52, 64, 192n92; in white communities, 192n90. See also biosurveillance; medicine; profiling
Medicare/Medicaid: BiDil coverage, 56; hospice care coverage, 121, 122–23; nursing home coverage, 118, 119–20; obesity treatment, 79; policies/restrictions of, 104, 108. See also Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) Prospective Payment System (Medicare)
medicine: race-based, 53, 55, 63–64, 66, 68; racism in, 188n63; regenerative, 10–11, 84. See also biomedicine, U.S.
militancy/militarism, 126, 172n4; hope as form of, 24–28; medical hot-spotting as, 62, 63, 192n92. See also war on cancer
Milken Institute (think tank), 204n24
Minca, Claudio, 171n47
minorities: burial practices disparities, 150, 151–52, 154; cancer survival rate discrepancies, 39–40; fatness and obesity in, 80–81, 198n43; health disparities/problems, 50, 60, 189n63. See also African Americans; Diverse Elders Coalition; Latinx; Native Americans; Otherness
Mission Hope Cancer Center, 32–33
Moody, Harry, 115
Moreira, Tiago, 21
Morgan, Kathryn Pauly, 75
Morgan, Kevin, 110
multigenerational housing. See cohousing
Muñoz, José Esteban, 183n16
Mykytyn, Courtney Everts, 100–101
National Breast Cancer Awareness Month, 26
National Center for Complex Health and Social Needs, 188n61
National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), 88
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–10, 74
National Institutes of Health (NIH), statistics on obesity, 75, 80–81
National Organ Transplant Act of 1984, 223n86
National Stem Cell Foundation of Australia, 87–88
Native Americans: differential governance of, 50; dispossessing of bodily sovereignty, 151–52; health disparities/problems of, 60
Neal, Andrew W., 48
necropolitics, 15, 170n39. See also politics
Nelson, Alondra, 65
neoliberalism, 165n1, 172n4; framing what it means to thrive, 16, 93, 104; global health regimes under, 108; ideal citizen concept, 60, 80, 89; logics of, 51–52, 56, 59; rationalities of, 115; renewable resource concept, 150; self-care imperative, 60–61, 190n76, 191n77; white nationalism under, 152. See also biopolitics; liberalism, late
Neopac Pty Ltd., breast reconstruction by, 85–86, 200n65
Nielson, Brett, 107
Nissen, Steven E., 184n21
nonwhites. See African Americans; Latinx; minorities; Native Americans; Otherness
Nursing Home Reform Act of 1987, 121
nursing homes, 12, 117–21, 124, 125, 209n100; alternatives to, 102–3, 128–31. See also eldercare
obesity: biocultures of, 72, 73–82, 89–90; categories of, 194n3; causes of, 72, 75, 80, 90, 93, 197n25; discourses of, 202n88; as failure to thrive, 10, 195n6; health risks of, 71–72; individualization of, 77–82, 89–90, 198n38; interventions against, 72, 75–79, 80, 202n84; statistics on, 73–74. See also fat/fatness
Office of Economic Opportunity (U.S.), 65
old age. See aging; biocultures; eldercare; fourth age; senior citizens; third age
organ donation, 142–43, 152, 153, 222n78, 223n86
Ormond, Meghann, 171n47
Otherness: nonwhites as, 49–50; racial, 51, 52, 54, 59–60, 61, 64, 193n93. See also minorities
Our Journey of Hope (CTCA spiritual support program), 38
overweight. See obesity
Palladino, Paolo, 21
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007), 181n8
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, 40, 79, 179n78, 210n102
Patterson, Orlando, 16, 222n79
Peskin, Sara Manning, 115
pharmaceuticals: anti-obesity, 76, 77–78, 82; race-specific, 46, 63, 185n35. See also BiDil
Pill Pets (electronic device), 103, 204n30
pink warrior, figure of, 26–27, 30, 175n24
political economy, 5, 21–23, 80–81, 97, 191n87; of eldercare, 99, 111, 115–24; of life, 25, 41. See also bioeconomy; economy
politics, 21, 172n5, 191n87; of affirmation, 3–4, 135, 161; of cancer, 40, 43, 44; of death, 8, 14–15, 170n39; of fatness, 202n84; geographies of, 215n4; of life, 14–15, 16, 63, 81, 171n47; of life-making, 162–63; of refusal, 45, 52, 193n100. See also biopolitics
poor people, 123, 150; declining health conditions for, 62–63, 65, 189n63. See also class
Posel, Deborah, 135
poverty: as cause of obesity, 72, 80; funeral, 152–53; statistics on, 57; war on, 64–65
power: economic, 167n12; Foucault on, 77, 166n7, 167n17, 168n18, 170n40; of knowledge, 2, 28, 88, 98; of life, 2, 15, 171n47; racial, 51; related to disposal of human remains, 156–57, 215n2. See also biopower
Preston, Alistair M., 116, 209n97
productivity, 22–23, 141; maintaining in aging, 97, 100–102, 106–7, 109, 111, 124, 206n53, 207n68
profiling: racial, 53, 62; spatial, 9, 49, 62, 191n85. See also medical hot-spotting
Project Biocultures (University of Illinois–Chicago), 169n36. See also biocultures, U.S.
prostate cancer, racial disparities in incidence rates of, 40
public health: biocultures and, 1; intervening to reduce obesity numbers, 76, 78–79
Puerto Rico, death count from Hurricane Maria, 153
Puig de la Bellacasa, María, 161
race, 47–68; biomedical targeting of, 47–52, 63–68, 181n9, 182n13; cancer rate discrepancies based on, 39–40, 88, 201n77; disparities in control of human remains, 60, 138, 150, 154, 155, 156, 224n97; domination based on, 60, 61–62, 191n87, 222n79; financializing differences in, 54–56, 57; genetics and, 53, 185n31, 186n41; governance of, 50–51, 63; health disparities based on, 51–52, 54–55, 80–81, 163, 181n8, 184n14; medical hot-spotting, 10, 50–52, 64, 192n92; profiling, 53, 62. See also BiDil; biopolitics; blackness/blacks; medicine; pharmaceuticals; whiteness/whites
Racial Justice Project, 80–81
racism: anti-black, 54, 56, 59–60, 64; biological effects of, 193n95; caesuras caused by, 47–48, 149–50; confronting, 67, 194n106; environmental, 182n13; Foucault on, 47, 138, 149, 181n3; governance of the dead and, 16, 150; health disparities based on, 80–81; institutional, 58, 68, 81, 224n97; in medicine, 188n63; new variants of, 189n65; structural, 10, 50, 59, 62–64, 68, 72, 88, 191n78; white nationalism, 152
Rajan, Kaushik Sunder, 14
recycling, orthopedic, 143–44, 152. See also corpses
redlining, medical, 63, 189n63. See also medical hot-spotting
regularizing/regulation: of aging, 104; of death, 136, 147, 215n1; life-making’s function of, 2–3, 4; principles/processes of, 167n14, 168n18; race-based, 48. See also discipline; governance
Relay for Life (ACS), 30
religion, in biomedicine, 37–39
Reminder Rosie (electronic device), 103
Re-mission (video game), 36–37, 177n64
ReServe (nonprofit organization), 101
resomation, 144, 220n52. See also cremation
retirement, 101, 104, 105, 127, 204n23
Reverby, Susan M., 185n29
risk(s): biomedicine’s focus on, 1–2; biosurveillance of, 60, 62, 63, 105–6; blackness equated with, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 64; cancer-related, 27, 31, 39, 41; collectivizing, 5, 25; discourse of, 113–14; from obesity, 71–72
Roberts, Dorothy, 185n28
Rose, Nikolas: on active citizenship, 87, 202n81; on biocitizenship, 13, 55, 174n14; on biomedicine, 1, 181n9; on biovalue, 14, 72–73; on fitness, 165n2; on late liberalism, 165n1
Russ, Ann J., 114
Satcher, David, 74
Schultz, Sarah Polzin, 31
secure the life of the aging, affirmation to, 97–132; aging well, 99–111; biofinancialization of aging, 11–12, 98–99, 107–11; counterconducts of aging, 124–32; governance of aging, 100, 108, 111–24; greening afterlives, 149–55; material ethics of human remains, 156–59. See also aging; life
security, 2, 97, 203n5. See also biosecurity
Seed of Hope tokens, 33
segregation. See racism
self-care: as biological responsibility, 55–56; extension of death care into, 150–51; medical hot-spotting’s promotion of, 60–62, 64; neoliberal, 60–61, 190n76, 191n77; new practices of, 27, 36–37; securing productivity through, 100, 101. See also care; eldercare; health care; home care
self-medication, eating as, 90, 93
senior citizens, 65, 124–25, 204n23; living at home, 102, 103. See also aging; Diverse Elders Coalition; eldercare; retirement
shadowlands. See under fourth age
Shim, Janet K., 114
Shouse, Eric, 172n5
Sims, J. Marion, experiments of, 182n13
slavery/slaves, 182n13, 222n79. See also African Americans
social death, 16, 117, 119, 151, 157, 222n79
Sontag, Susan, 23
spaces: profiling, 9, 49, 62, 191n85; racialized, 50, 59, 62, 63, 64
spectacles: of the body, 51; of hope, 29–31, 35, 39, 43
Starr69 (poster), 91
Stealth Health (website), 102
stem cells, science of, 72–73, 82–90, 93–94. See also adipose-derived stem cells
subjection, 27, 67, 125, 135, 167n14
surgeries, bariatric, 76, 78, 82. See also intervention(s)
surveillance, 2, 27, 102–3. See also biosurveillance; medical hot-spotting
survival/survivorship, 8, 162–63, 226n5; from cancer, 27, 29, 31, 33, 39–40
Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure, 30, 31
Sword of Hope symbol (ACS), 24, 25, 28, 174n16
taphonomy, 218n36
target, affirmation to, 9–10, 47–68, 191n85; abolitionist biomedicine, 63–68; race-based biomedical, 48–57, 63–68, 181n9, 182n13; racialized biosecurity, 57–63. See also BiDil; medical hot-spotting; pharmaceuticals
Taussig, Michael, 19
technologies: for discipline, 31, 167n17; geosurveillant, 62–63; for home care, 102–4, 106; normalizing, 167n14; regulatory, 167n17; spatial, 59. See also biotechnologies
Ten Points Program (Black Panther Party), 65
thanatopolitics, 14–15. See also politics
Think Before You Pink (Breast Cancer Action group), 30
third age, 11–12; discourses of, 98–111, 124, 125–26, 206n53. See also aging; fourth age
Thomasma, David C., 110
thrive, affirmation to, 10–11, 71–94, 195n6; alternative ways to, 89–90, 93–94; biocultures of anti-obesity, 73–82; therapeutic uses of fat, 82–89
timebanking, 130–31
truth(s): biological, 53, 55; of biomedicine, 12, 22–23, 28, 45; claims of, 7; corporeal, 10, 50, 59; Foucault on, 131, 173n8; regime of, 21–22
Ulman Cancer Fund for Young Adults, 30
Upchurch, Erin, 92
Urban Death Project, 146–47
Village to Village movement, 128
violence: anti-black, 48, 50–51, 64, 66–67, 182n10, 193n100, 226n11; anti-Jewish, 224n98; state, 152, 155. See also militancy/militarism; war on cancer
Vitas Hospice Services, 123
vulnerability, 8, 16, 227n16; of aging, 12, 127–28, 132–33; of blackness, 10, 50; bodily, 9, 20, 164; cancer and, 41, 43
Walcott, Rinaldo, 182n13
Waldby, Catherine, 14, 72, 83, 86–87, 142
Walther P-22 Hope edition handgun. See Hope handgun
Wann, Marilyn, 90
war on cancer, 36–37, 39, 40, 173n123, 177n64; hope as weapon in, 23, 24–31. See also breast cancer; cancer; chemotherapy; militancy/militarism
White Coats 4 Black Lives, die-ins, 67, 67–68, 194n106
Whiteis, David G., 189n66
whiteness/whites: affirming lives of, 47–48; fat activism of, 202n84; necroecologies of, 155, 156, 224n97; use of term, 169n29. See also blackness/blacks
Wilderson, Frank B., 182n10
Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute (University of Arkansas), 33
Women’s Field Army (WFA), 24, 174n16
World Bank, on crisis in aging, 97
World Health Organization (WHO), statistics on obesity, 73, 74, 194n3
Wynter, Sylvia, 226n11
Yates-Doerr, Emily, 92
Youngblood, Stephanie, 17
Zivi, Karen, 132
zoe, 15