Notes
Preface and Acknowledgments
Adavamudan, “Catachronism,” 8–9.
For a study of political hope in the remains of apartheid, Chari, Apartheid Remains.
1. Gramsci and the Sea
Fiori, Antonio Gramsci, 70.
Hoare and Nowell Smith, in Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, xix.
Said, “On Critical Consciousness,” 24.
Said, World, 170–71.
See DeLoughrey and Flores, “Submerged Bodies,” for thoughtful elaboration on tidalectics as “submarine immersion and oceanic intimacy . . . constituted by an entangled ontology of diffraction” (138); Stephanie Hessler calls it “an oceanic worldview” and points to Brathwaite’s discomfort with “dialectics” as a Western imposition. Thanks to Michael Cavuto for pushing me on this point; my response is that the gesture “not-West” is also a certain kind of dialectical gesture, that there are many approaches to dialectics, of which Gramsci’s is heuristic and earthly, and that it is perhaps legible through Brathwaite’s concerns with “riddims,” flux, anger, myth, and hope.
Hofmeyr, Dockside Reading, 18; Rediker, “History from below the Water Line.”
Gramsci, Selections from Political Writings, 202; Gramsci, Antonio Gramsci Reader, 134.
Gramsci, Letters from Prison, 62.
Gramsci, 67.
Gramsci, 83.
Q2, §12. Unless otherwise noted, all such references are to Gramsci, Prison Notebooks, and will be done in main text, with Q designating the original notebook number (for Q in the original title Quaderni del carcere), and § the note number within it. The International Gramsci Society’s Concordance Tables help locate notes in English translation across anthologies; see internationalgramscisociety.org/resources/concordance_table/anthologies.html.
Laleh Khalili, Sinews.
Thanks to Matt Shutzer for this.
Marx, “Preface.”
See Karatani and Wainwright, “Critique.”
Hall, “David Scott.”
Q11, §50, cited in Morton, “Traveling with Gramsci,” 48.
Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 177.
Gramsci, 178.
Gramsci, 185
Braudel, The Mediterranean.
Thanks, again, to Matt Shutzer.
Thomas, “Gramsci’s Revolutions,” 123.
Thomas, 124.
See Morton, “Traveling with Gramsci,” 55.
Fanon, Wretched of the Earth; Chatterjee, Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World; Hall, Hard Road; Hart, Rethinking the South African Crisis.
Khanna, Dark Continents, 90–93.
Hofmeyr, Dockside Reading, 37.
Corbin, Lure of the Sea.
Thanks to Jake Orbison for this insight.
Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 185.
Gramsci, Letters from Prison, 247.
2. The Oceanic Question
Kathryn Miller. Kirsten Thompson, Paul Johnston, and David Santillo, et al., “An Overview of Seabed Mining of Seabed Mining Including the Current State of Development, Environmental Impacts, and Knowledge Gaps,” Frontiers in Science, January 10, 2018, frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2017.00418/full; Greenpeace, In Deep Water; Hannah Moore with Jonathan Watts, “The Race to Mine the Deep Sea,” March 27, 2022, in Seascape: The State of Our Oceans, produced by Courtney Yusuf and Rudi Zygadlo, podcast, MP3 audio, 32:12, theguardian.com/news/audio/2022/mar/28/the-race-to-mine-the-deep-sea-today-in-focus-podcast.
Davidson, “Gramsci and Lenin.”
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea, 2.
Campling and Colás, 3.
Campling and Colás, 12.
Campling and Colás, 13–14; Khalili, Sinews.
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea, 68–69.
Campling and Colás, 109.
Balachandran, Globalizing Labour?
Rediker, Slave Ship.
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea, 181, 185
Campling and Colás, 187–201.
Vine, Island of Shame.
Rodenbiker, “Urban Oceans.”
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea, 204–5.
Campling and Colás, 208.
Gudynas, Extractivisms, 60.
Gudynas, 88.
Shutzer, Review of Extractive Zone by Macarena Gómez-Barris, 741–42; Chagnon et al., “From Extractivism to Global Extractivism,” 13–14.
Watts, “Hyper-Extractivism,” 209.
Labban, “Deterritorializing Extraction,” 561, 572.
Labban, “Mine/ Machine,” 151.
Gago and Mezzadra, “Critique of Extractive Operations,” 589.
Mezzadra and Neilson, “On the Multiple Frontiers,” 193–97.
Watts, “Hyper-Extractivism,” 213, 215.
Watts, 230.
Shutzer, “Extractive Ecologies.”
Shutzer, “Subterranean Properties,” 403.
Shutzer, 415.
Shutzer, 429–30.
Capps, “Custom and exploitation.”
Capps, “Tribal-Landed Property,” 470–74.
Many thanks to Philippe LeBillon, drawing on his long-term insights on “ocean defenders.”
See Helmreich, “Blue-green Capital,” although I cannot do it justice here.
Carver, “Resource Sovereignty and Accumulation.”
Carver, 384–85.
3. Just One Last Watery Ghost-Dance?
Fernando Coronil, Magical State, 21.
Marx, Capital Volume III, ch. 48, sec.1. “Ghost-walking” here can also be translated “ghost-dance.”
Derrida, Specters of Marx, 57–58.
Marx, Capital Volume III, ch. 37.
Yutuka Nagahara, “Monsieur le Capital and Madame la Terre,” 947.
Coronil, Magical State, 57.
Coronil, “Beyond Occidentalism.”
Coronil, 61. See also Capps, “Custom and Exploitation,” 974.
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea,10–11.
Campling and Colás, 73–74.
Lauren Benton, cited in Campling and Colás, 78.
Sivasundaram, Waves Across the South, 2, 26, 112, 114.
Drayton, “Maritime Networks,” 74.
Drayton, 74–75.
Wick, Red Sea.
Rediker, “History from below the Water Line,” 292–94.
Samuelson, “Thinking with Sharks.”
Thanks to Alejo Garcia Aguilera for this formulation.
Gaynor, Intertidal History.
Chari, Apartheid Remains.
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea, 80–83
This section draws from Chari, “‘Sinews’ in Sinews.”
Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa.
Ogle, “Archipelago Capitalism.”
Chua, Danyluk, Cowen, and Khalili, “Introduction.”
Black, Global Interior, 52.
Black, 148–50; see also Hamblin, Arming Mother Nature.
Campling and Colás, Capitalism and the Sea, 208, citing Capps, “Bourgeois Reform,” 318.
Vine, Base Nation.
Romero, Economic Poisoning.
Hamblin, Poison in the Well, 2, 260.
Niemanis, “Held in Suspension,” 46–49.
4. The Storm
Resident Advisor, “Why Drexciya Took Detroit Electro Underwater,” October 16, 2018, video, 9:29, ra.co/features/3326.
McKittrick, Dear Science, 53–54.
James Stinson, 2002 phone interview with Derek Beere, youtu.be/yPZYisZJofo.
See Notebook 22 in Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks.
Sugrue, Origins of the Urban Crisis.
Judy, “Gramsci on la questione dei negri.”
Wilderson, “Gramsci’s Black Marx,” 225. Wilderson carries this refusal through the text; it shapes what he can and cannot read. I cannot do justice to this real disagreement here.
Gramsci, letter to Tatiana of January 13, 1931, in Letters from Prison, Vol II; letter to Tatiana of February 27, 1928, in Letters from Prison, 128.
Okiji, Jazz as Critique, 24–25 (citing Moten In the Break, 179).
Moten and Harney, Undercommons; Shakur, Assata, 241–43.
Glissant, Poetics of Relation, 8.
McKittrick, Dear Science, 56.
McKittrick, 56 (citing Andrew Gaerig, “Drexciya,” and Drexciya’s album Harnessed the Storm, youtu.be/SaU1Nh4MkSU).
McKittrick, 56.
Gallagher’s exhibition can be viewed at hauserwirth.com/hauser-wirth-exhibitions/6185-ellen-gallagher-accidental-records/#films (including a video, 7:38); see also Gallagher, “Characters, Myths and Stories,” interview, 2005 (originally published on PBS.org; republished by art21.org, November 2011), art21.org/read/ellen-gallagher-characters-myths-and-stories/.
McKittrick, Dear Science, 53. See also the curator Ekow Eshun on her work for the collective exhibition “In the Black Fantastic,” Hayward Gallery, London, 2022, video, 7:14 (discussion of Gallagher beginning at 2:45), youtu.be/a_L7tPG_pks.
Carolina Miranda, “Painter Ellen Gallagher’s Tragic Sea Tales,” Los Angeles Times, November 17, 2017, latimes.com/entertainment/arts/miranda/la-et-cam-ellen-gallagher-hauser-wirth-20171117-htmlstory.html.
Miranda, “Painter Ellen Gallagher’s Tragic Sea Tales;” thanks to Charne Lavery for making me think about Pip.
Presented in the exhibit The Tale, at the Gagsonian Gallery in London, September 8–24, 2017, gagosian.com/news/museum-exhibitions/ellen-gallagher-in-the-tale/.
See Philip Hoare, “I’ll dream fast asleep,” in Ellen Gallagher, Accidental Records.
Jue, Wild Blue Media.
John Akomfrah, Vertigo Sea, presented again at the Musée d’art contemporain de Montréal, February 10 through April 18, 2021, macm.org/en/exhibitions/john-akomfrah-vertigo-sea/.
Demos, Beyond the World’s End, 30.
Benjamin, see Baucom, Spectres of the Atlantic and History 4°C.
Rediker, Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea, 111.
Rediker, 110.
Grandin, Empire of Necessity; Philippe LeBillon, personal communication, Janurary 17, 2023.
Balachandran, Globalizing Labour, 245.
Chari, Apartheid Remains, ch. 6.
Thanks to the Critical Times editorial team for discussions toward a special issue on “strikes,” read.dukeupress.edu/critical-times/issue/5/3.
Chari, “Interlocking Transactions.”
See Alberto Toscano, “Abolition Philosophy,” video, 1:17:25, youtu.be/NYDKHG7OmrE; Toscano, “The World is Already without us.”
Du Bois, Black Reconstruction in America.
Manjapra, Black Ghost of Empire, 5.
Manjapra, 107.
Lake and Reynolds, Drawing the Global Colour Line.
Nightingale, Segregation.
Scott, Common Wind.
Hartman, Wayward Lives, Beautiful Experiments.
Gilroy, The Black Atlantic.
Denning, Noise Uprising, 38, 137.
Esmeir, “On Becoming Less of the World,” 88.
Esmeir, 95.
Esmeir, 89.
Esmeir, “Bandung,” 82.
Esmeir, 85.
Ram Prakash Anand, cited in Esmeir, “Bandung,” 86.
Ranganathan, “Decolonization and International Law,” 170–73.
Esmeir, “Bandung,” 87–88.
Esmeir, 89.
Ranganathan, “Ocean Floor Grab,” 588.
Ranganathan, 590.
Amrith, Crossing the Bay of Bengal, 1–2.
Amrith, 5.
Amrith, 4–5.
Amrith, 10, 30.
Amrith, 260.
Amrith, 89.
Esmeir, “Bandung,” 93.
Thanks to Samera Esmeir for this insight.
Dawson, Extinction, 83.