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table of contents
Index
- abaddon. See violence
- absolute democracy, 37, 144. See also democracy; universal democracy
- Absolute Subject, 101
- Achilles, 116, 121, 146
- Adorno, Theodor, 119
- aduena. See stranger
- advenae. See foreigner
- Agamben, Giorgio, 7, 14–17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 45, 46, 79, 100, 102, 108, 138, 139, 143, 159, 164n25
- agorá, 42, 47
- Ahab, 127–28, 129, 131, 133
- aidṓs, 79, 91, 93, 95, 96, 98, 113, 144, 146, 154
- a-lethia, 34
- Althusser, Louis, 102, 166n8
- ami/amitié. See friend
- amnesia, 1, 15, 17, 27, 38, 116. See also aphasia
- amphisbetisis, 34, 37
- animality, 137, 148; animal, 73, 105, 137–38, 140, 141, 143, 153, 154, 155
- Antelme, Robert, 1, 15–17, 19, 35, 99–101, 103–13, 116, 141–42, 145, 146, 153, 164n25, 167n10
- anti-Semitism, 103, 128
- aphasia, 1, 10, 15, 16, 17, 27, 38, 116
- aporia, 18, 66, 164–65n25, 169n2
- Arafat, Yasser, 128–29
- Arendt, Hannah, 6, 7, 11, 15, 20, 21, 125
- Aristotle, 15, 173n4
- autrui, 30, 91–92. See also other/ otherness
- à venir. See democracy: to come
- Badiou, Alain, 159
- barbarian, 11, 54–55, 56–57, 64, 119
- barbarous. See barbarian
- bare life, 17, 18, 20, 79, 102, 109, 110, 164n25. See also bios; zoē
- Beckett, Samuel, 30
- becoming, 38, 40, 134; minor, 122; molecular, 172n9; revolutionary, 127, 128, 130, 132
- being-in-common, 32. See also Mitsein
- Bendersky, Joseph, 174n23
- Benjamin, Walter, 15, 23
- Bentham, Jeremy, 135
- Benveniste, Émile, 2–4, 13, 66, 68, 71, 81, 85–97, 125, 144
- biopolitical: futures, 16; life, 6, 102, 108, 165n29; order, 16; value, 7. See also biopower
- biopower, 6–7, 42, 103
- bios, 102, 143, 164n25. See also bare life
- Blanchot, Maurice, 1, 15, 16, 17, 28, 100, 113, 167n10
- blessedness, 103, 109–10
- boundary, 66
- Braidotti, Rosi, 16
- Brecht, Bertolt, 80
- Caesar, Julius, 51, 52–53, 88, 168n6
- Camus, Albert, 133
- capitalism, 19, 104, 134, 160, 166n8; globalized capitalist societies, 134; late-capitalist democracies, 115; late-capitalist societies, 133
- Cavallar, Georg, 151, 155
- Celan, Paul, 166n5
- celestial stranger, 10, 14. See also stranger
- charitas. See goodwill
- charity, 79, 93, 103, 108, 111–12, 116
- Christ, 88, 96, 107. See also Christianity; Jesus of Nazareth
- Christianity, 96, 109, 112; Christian, 12, 62, 96, 111, 168n5; Christological determination, 107; ekklesia, 168n5; era, 5, 103; form, 107; gospels, 51; institution of marriage, 87; phase, 105–6; pseudo-Christian piety, 92; sense of religio, 96; understanding of finitude, 96; universe, 37; world, 12, 95, 103
- Cicero, 6, 21, 29–30, 63, 89
- citizen/citizenship, 5, 65, 69, 83, 86, 89, 92, 96, 119, 120, 144, 149
- city-state, 5, 10, 119. See also nation-state; state
- civil society, 6, 29, 39, 40, 48, 97, 140, 152
- colonialism, 12, 141
- colonialization, 48, 53, 82
- colonial world, 57
- colonized people, 51, 123
- colony, 51, 168n5. See also Commonwealth; neocolonialism; politeuma
- commercium, 74, 146
- common, 5, 101–2. See also communism; community; sensus communis
- Commonwealth, 138. See also colonialism
- communication, 83–84, 163n2
- communism, 7, 16, 39, 40, 102, 111, 114–15, 144. See also com-mon; community; sensus communis
- community, 137, 148–49. See also common; communism; sensus communis
- Confederacy of Peace, 149, 158
- Conrad, Joseph, 55
- consensus iuris, 6, 21, 49. See also universal rights
- constitution, 143, 146, 147, 148, 157, 158, 168n5; cosmo-political, of man, 142, 148; of freedom, 147; of humanity, 114, 147; of the human race, 149, 160; of the human species, 22, 140, 144; of man, 19; of right, 146; of the world, 158
- cosmopolitism: arguments, 154; centers, 6; constitution, 142, 148; Cosmo-political Right, 148; design of Nature, 141; juridical, 155; weak, 152
- critique, 40
- Deleuze, Gilles, 1–3, 5, 7–9, 10–13, 15–16, 17, 19, 23–24, 27–28, 30–36, 38, 41–42, 59, 60, 62, 90, 99, 100, 115, 120–23, 126–34, 135, 158, 159, 163n1, 165n26
- depolitization, 147
- déporté, 98, 99
- deportee, 10, 14–17, 45, 69, 78, 99, 100, 103, 105–7, 109, 110, 112, 113, 141, 152; enemy, 105
- democracy, 20, 38, 40, 126, 144, 160, 165; to come, 18, 143. See also absolute democracy; universal democracy
- Derrida, Jacques, 4, 9, 15, 18, 21, 23, 37, 45, 46, 55–59, 61, 66, 71, 73, 77, 80–81, 91, 93, 127, 132, 138, 140, 143, 145, 147, 154, 159, 165n26, 167n16, 171n25, 173n4; globalatinization, 147; manner of speaking, 29
- determination, in the last instance, 141, 143, 160, 166n8. See also nonphilosophy
- deterritorialization, 12, 123; conceptual personae, 11; earth, 159; and reterritorialization, 20. See also reterritorialization; territory
- Dickens, Charles, 135
- differend, 31
- doxa, 144–45, 159
- dream-work, 4, 5, 66, 88, 97
- Duldsamkeit. See tolerance
- Duldung. See tolerance
- Duras, Marguerite, 15, 17, 35
- durcharbeiten, 2, 141
- ego, 30, 35, 60–62, 75–76; recognition, 61; social, 76
- ekklesia, 5, 168n5
- enemy, 3, 8, 9, 11, 14, 15, 24, 32, 37, 39–41, 45–47, 52–61, 64, 70, 71, 72, 80, 94, 106, 108, 109, 112, 119, 120, 131–32, 134, 153, 159; deportee-enemy, 105; distinction, 63; opposition, 4; relationship, 46; unspecified, 24, 134. See also friend-enemy; stranger: enemy
- Engels, Friedrich, 39, 41, 57, 167
- enigma of revolts, 125, 131
- ens creatum, 96
- entäusern, 169n3
- entfremden, 78, 169n3. See also estrangement
- Entity, 34–35
- Entpolitisierung. See depolitization
- eros, 60, 61
- Esposito, Robert, 16
- estrangement, 74, 78, 97. See also entfremden
- ethné, 12, 51
- ethnocentrism, 61, 114
- etymology, 3, 66, 90; analysis, 2, 4, 88; exercise, 3, 5, 162; fallacy, 5; history, 3, 4; investigation, 90
- fascism, 9, 124, 126; death, 115, 132, 134; postfascist figure, 134
- Feind. See enemy
- feodus pacificum. See League of Peace
- foidus pacificum. See Confederacy of Peace
- foreigner, 2, 4, 11, 51, 64, 65–66, 70, 72, 81, 83–84, 85, 87, 93. See also perigrinus; xénos
- Freidensvertrag. See pactum pacis
- Freud, Sigmund, 102; dream-work, 4, 88
- friend, 2–5, 8–9, 11, 15–17, 27–41, 45–47, 52, 56–59, 61, 62–64, 85, 87–93, 99–100, 132, 151, 153, 154; of the concept, 158; friendship, 1–9, 16–18, 20, 27–42, 45, 58–59, 62–64, 81, 85–88, 90, 92–93, 95, 97, 99, 113, 115–17, 132, 135, 142, 147, 148, 149, 159, 167n10
- friend-enemy, 57–59; couple, 46; designation, 59; distinction, 46, 47, 54, 55; grouping, 3, 48, 55, 58; opposition, 59. See also enemy; friend; stranger
- Gesellschaft, 71, 74, 76
- Gewalt. See law
- globalization, 12, 65, 84, 85, 171n25; capitalist societies, 134; security, 112
- God (Christian), 53, 95–96, 103, 104, 106, 107, 109, 111, 128, 139, 148, 152–54; creator-God, 96
- goodwill, 95; collective, 93, 95
- gospel, 51, 168n6; of James, 96; literature, 52; Pauline gospel of Luke, 168n6. See also Job; Matthew
- Guattari, Félix, 1, 5, 7–8, 10–13, 15, 17, 19, 23–24, 60, 63, 115, 120–23, 126–34, 159
- guest, 70, 71, 75, 77–78, 80, 83, 84, 87, 92, 97; -host relationship, 74, 78, 83, 84, 97; stranger, 81. See also host; stranger; xénos
- Hayek, Friedrich, 6
- Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 49–50, 60, 63, 101; quasi-Hegelian logic, 107; sense, 47
- Heidegger, Martin, 8–9, 13, 15, 34, 74, 166n5, 173n4, 174n23; affaire, 9; episode, 20; gesture, 2
- Herod, 51, 52, 168n6
- Herodotus, 89
- history of ideology, 35
- Hitler, Adolf, 14, 110, 124
- Hobbes, Thomas, 138, 140, 155
- Hölderlin, Friedrich, 8, 16, 27, 36, 159, 167n10
- Homer, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, 121, 146; concept, 4; Greek terms, 115; institution of hospitality, 97; sources, 90; usage, 91
- homo economicus, 143
- homo politokoi, 73
- homo sacer, 14–15, 17, 110, 164n25
- Horkheimer, Max, 126
- hórkia, 116, 146
- hospitality, 3, 4, 20, 61, 70–73, 75–77, 84, 87–89, 91–97, 113, 144, 146, 149; hospitalization, 89, 92, 93, 95; universal, 5, 65, 72, 82, 149; universal right of, 93–94. See also xénia
- host, 4, 12, 70, 77–80, 81, 83, 87, 88, 92–95, 96, 98, 113, 116, 119. See also guest: -host relationship; stranger: host
- hostis. See enemy
- hôte. See stranger: guest
- humanism, 19, 50
- Human Race, 138, 140, 142, 149, 160, 173n8. See also human species
- human rights, 6, 10, 19, 23, 79, 83, 140, 144–45. See also universal rights
- human species, 6, 22, 39, 100–101, 137, 140–42, 160, 164n25. See also Human Race; speciesism
- hypostasis, 76
- Kafka, Franz: Kafkaesque, 77
- Kant, Immanuel, 5, 19, 21–22, 24, 50, 65, 67, 71–78, 82–84, 94, 100, 127, 133, 137–42, 145, 147–52, 154–58, 160, 165n33, 174n19; image of the philosopher, 159; notion, 82; phrase, 145; sense, 19, 92; state, 21
- Kempner, Robert, 55–56
- Kierkegaard, Søren, 28
- Kleist, Heinrich von, 121, 127, 129
- Klossowski, Pierre, 28
- Lacan, Jacques, 79
- law, 5, 6–7, 11, 14–15, 21–25, 50–52, 69–72, 73, 75–77, 79, 80, 81, 83–84, 94, 97, 120–22, 125, 127, 128, 138–41, 145–50, 154–56, 158, 168n6; natural lawyer, 19, 24, 145, 152, 154–57; Nuremburg Laws, 147
- League of Nations, 149, 158
- League of Peace, 150
- Leibniz, Gottfried, 62–63
- Levi, Primo, 15, 164n25, 165n36
- Levinas, Emmanuel, 29, 60–61, 62, 75, 76, 91, 93, 165n26, 170n5
- limit-horizon, 66
- limit-situation, 15, 16, 20, 30, 32, 36, 92
- Luke, 168n6. See also gospel
- Lyotard, Jean-François, 31
- Machiavelli, Niccoló: on desire, 33; generalized Machiavellianism, 7, 8, 114
- Manichean order, 112
- Marx, Karl, 7, 39–40, 41, 43, 45, 46–47, 53, 57, 102, 104, 132, 141, 159, 167n16; criticism, 130; determination, 46; materialist practice, 40; post-Marxist philosophy, 123; terminology, 42; thought, 102; utopia, 7
- Mascolo, Dionys, 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 15–17, 27–28, 35–36, 38, 41, 99, 100, 113–14, 167n10
- Matthew, 99, 109. See also gospel
- Medea, 33, 115
- Metaphysics of Justice, 19. See also justice
- Mitsein, 16, 32
- mobile territories, 11, 12. See also territory
- molecular, 42, 60, 63
- nationalism, 113–15
- National Socialism, 97, 103; ideology, 167n16; program of extermination, 100; state, 102
- nation-state, 22, 47, 65, 138–39, 140, 144–46, 156, 158; state of nations, 149. See also city-state; state
- natura daedala rerum, 82, 141
- natural origin, 94, 141
- Nazi, 9, 101, 115; concepts, 147; ideology, 103; jurist, 15; party, 174n23; SS, 41, 101, 105–10, 142, 164n25, 174n23; SS fantasy, 114, 141
- Negri, Antonio, 7, 8, 37, 159
- neocolonialism, 19. See also colonialism
- Nietzsche, Friedrich, 45, 159, 167n11
- nihil negativum, 50
- 9/11, 70, 72, 134; post-9/11 context, 14; post-9/11 world, 54
- nomad, 11, 121–22, 131; band, 13, 132
- nonphilosophy: sense, 47; understanding, 18, 45. See also determination
- pactum pacis, 150, 158
- Pascal, Blaise, 62
- Paul, 96; Pauline gospel, 169n6. See also gospel
- perigrinus, 2, 3, 13, 65, 66, 85, 93; peregrini, 4. See also foreigner
- perpetual peace, 22, 83, 114, 155, 156–58
- Phaedrus, 24. See also friend; phílos
- phílos, 1, 2, 7, 13, 28, 38, 45, 85, 87–92, 115; phileîn, 1, 3, 9, 45, 89, 170n4; philía, 1, 3, 9, 45, 88; phíloi, 89; philótés, 9, 85, 87, 88, 89, 92, 93, 95, 116, 146. See also friend
- Pilate, Pontius, 51–53, 168n6
- Plato/Platonic, 28, 35, 48, 54–57, 64, 79, 90, 119, 132; dream, 56; ground, 45; love, 35; pseudo-Platonic concept, 91; sense, 28, 55; sources, 90; transformation, 90
- pólemos, 18, 45, 48, 53, 54, 56, 59, 119, 121, 130, 159
- polis, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, 33, 42, 47, 48, 51, 53, 54, 56–57, 65, 77, 86, 93, 96, 98, 99, 116, 119
- politeuma, 51, 52, 168n5
- poor, 20, 93, 99, 103–12, 115, 152; global, 18, 19, 112, 115, 116; man, 103–9, 111–12, 146; sacred, 108–11. See also poverty
- post-war, 45; concept of friendship, 99; continental philosophy, 45; period, 17; philosophy, 10, 18–19, 23, 101, 160; society, 18, 45; writings, 19
- poverty, 20, 23, 105, 109, 111, 115. See also poor
- prâxis, 46, 58
- Providence, 141, 173n8
- psychosocial types, 11–13
- race, 57, 101, 110, 114. See also racism
- racism, 19, 23, 42, 59, 61, 102, 108, 113, 114, 126, 160, 167n16; ideology, 101, 164–65n25. See also race
- Rancière, Jacques, 159
- reason, 22, 23, 139, 147–48, 155, 156, 157, 158
- Rechtslehre. See law
- refugee, 10, 11, 14, 78–80, 103, 134; population, 116
- Reich, William, 126
- religion, 94–97, 105, 108, 115, 123, 125, 126, 139, 147, 151; religio, 95, 96
- resistance, 15, 28, 38, 39, 41, 99
- reterritorialization, 9, 15; deterritorialization and, 20; earth, 159. See also deterritorialization; territorialization; territory
- Richard III, 127, 129
- rich/poor couple, 103–6; rich man / poor man, 106. See also poor
- right of association, 73
- rogue, 127, 129, 135, 147, 151; states, 21
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 155
- sacred being, 109. See also poor
- sacred victim, 110, 125. See also homo sacer
- Sartre, Jean-Paul, 28, 40, 64, 167n16
- Schelm. See rogue
- Schmitt, Carl, 15, 39, 45–50, 53, 54–60, 99, 105, 132, 138, 139, 145, 147, 174n23; sense, 59; style discourse, 56
- Selb-stentfremdung. See self-alienation
- self, 29, 58, 60–61, 63, 64, 173n2
- self-alienation, 39
- sensus communis, 64. See also common; communism; community
- sexism, 19, 23, 42, 59
- Shakespeare, William, 33, 128, 129; figure, 129; resonance, 127
- Simmel, Georg, 67, 169n3, 170n14
- society of control, 43
- socius, 11, 67
- Socrates, 16, 17, 62
- souci, 27, 29, 31, 40
- sovereignty, 6, 15, 23, 48, 50–51, 53, 62, 70, 71, 83, 95, 112, 125, 129, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 144–45, 153, 154, 155, 160; claim, 143, 145, 146; decision, 153; enemy, 52; exception, 147; figure, 146; form of Islamic Fundamentalism, 115–16; individual, 138, 139; people, 54; personality, 52; power, 42, 145; right, 138, 140, 155; right of exception, 154; state of exception, 139; state power, 53; territorial, 84
- species-being, 6, 7, 40, 101–2, 106, 107, 108. See also speciesism
- speciesism, 59, 160. See also human species; species-being
- stásis, 6, 48, 53, 54, 56, 63, 64, 119
- state, 19, 24, 29, 30, 40, 47, 49–51, 53, 56, 58, 59, 69–72, 78, 105, 121–22, 124–25, 128, 133, 134, 138–39, 144–45, 149–52, 155–59; apparatus, 121, 124, 129, 130; domination, 129; of exception, 52, 53, 125, 138–39, 145; form, 42, 120–25, 131; hegemonic super-state, 114; power, 53, 58, 119–21, 129, 158; propaganda, 58; rogue, 21; right, 73; of sovereign exception, 147; stateless, 79; violence, 120; welfare, 155. See also city-state; nation-state
- stranger, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10–14, 20, 21, 29, 37, 38, 49, 56, 61, 64, 65–84, 85, 87, 92, 93, 94–98, 99, 116, 125, 135, 148, 149, 152, 169n3, 170n14; enemy, 65, 85; friend, 4, 87; guest, 2, 3, 4, 12, 62, 65, 71, 83, 85, 87–88, 91–94, 96–97; host, 69, 84, 97; wanderer, 2, 85
- subhuman, 10, 111–12, 116; classes, 112–13
- survivor, 15, 16, 17, 20, 23, 45, 100, 107, 108, 110–11, 113, 116, 134, 141, 152
- territorialization, 12. See also deterritorialization; reterritorialization; territory
- territory, 12–14, 65, 70–71, 81–84; boundaries, 65; conception, 65; nation-states, 146; sovereignties, 84. See also mobile territories
- terror, 20, 21, 114, 115, 125. See also terrorism/terrorist; Terror of Survival; war on terror
- terrorism/terrorist, 21, 52, 116, 125, 129, 132. See also terror; war on terror
- Terror of Survival, 134. See also terror
- thanatopolitics, 22; framework, 16
- Third, the, 29, 33
- tolerance, 75–76
- totalitarian/totalitarianism, 6, 160, 164–65n25; concepts of law, 21; law, 6; policy, 6, 21; polity, 7; state, 149
- total war, 40, 53, 55, 109, 130, 134