Index
Aboriginal peoples, 159, 189, 190; bodies of, 167, 169, 204n7; culture of, 144, 169, 177, 180; excluded from the UNDHR, 160, 161; human rights claims, 160, 162–63, 174–75, 177, 181–82, 185; labor of, 165, 176; living under colonial capitalism, 163, 165, 166–68, 172, 175–76, 177; perceived vulnerability of, 131, 132; settler treaties with, 129–30; sexual violence against, 124, 131, 161, 162; youth, 165–66, 169. See also Australia, treatment of Aboriginal citizens; Indigenous peoples
addiction, 118, 139, 186, 188; capitalism’s relation to, 100–103, 107; extractive industries compared to, 94–121. See also self-harm; substance abuse
affirmation, 12, 39, 92–93, 97, 120, 126, 151, 153, 191
afterbirth: burial of, 36–37, 39. See also placenta
Agamben, Giorgio, 54, 74, 75, 199n13; on shame of victim-survivors, 151, 152, 153
AIDS. See HIV/AIDS
Althusser, Louis, 6
ancestors, 41, 45–46, 96, 118; relations with the unborn and the living, 35–37, 39, 57, 186, 189
Anderson, Warwick, 59–60, 61, 76
Andersson, Neil, 194–95n10
animals. See nonhuman animals
animism, 175, 196n11; African, 27, 34, 35, 195n1; definition of, 27; materialist, 36, 39
Anthropocene, the, 3–4, 22, 124
anthropocentrism, 11, 30, 32, 37, 46, 198n8; of colonial capitalism, 22, 24, 63; Enlightenment/post-Enlightenment, 28, 34, 35; of human rights, 31, 124, 164, 182; use of term, 16–17, 160
anthroponoses, 21–22
Anzaldúa, Gloria, 4
apartheid, 38, 101, 114, 136, 185, 194n5, 197n17; family separations during and after, 40, 45–46; trauma of, 136, 140, 141, 150. See also South Africa
Arendt, Hannah, 2, 17, 49, 195–96n7
Arrighi, Giovanni, 1; The Long Twentieth Century, 159
Attwell, David, 195n2
Australia: colonialist-capitalist governance, 168, 177, 180; treatment of Aboriginal citizens, 16, 143, 161, 163, 174–76, 185, 194n6. See also Northern Territory Emergency Intervention (NTER, Australia); Stronger Futures Act (Australia)
Baartman, Sarah, 12
Badiou, Alain, 95
Basotho HIV/AIDS clinic (Lesotho), 77–79
being: co-constituted, 95; extra-anthropocentric, 23, 47, 187. See also effluent being; human beings
Berger, Philip, 77–78
Berlant, Lauren: on suffering, 125, 148; on trauma, 143, 144, 147. See also cruel optimism, Berlant’s theory of
Bhabha, Homi, 125
bildungsroman, 19, 92–93; claiming human rights through, 26, 63, 90, 96, 164, 166; Slaughter on, 24, 26, 90, 93, 164. See also narratives; novels
Billings, Peter, 163
biopolitics, 54, 55, 63, 85, 189; of debility, 73–75, 83; of immunization, 82–83. See also let live, make die; politics
bios, 74; zoe versus, 75, 83. See also geos-bios divide
Black Lives Matter, 19, 91. See also racism
Blackness/Blacks, 4, 75, 189, 197n17; bodies of, 39, 167; exclusion of, 36, 58, 64; and HIV/AIDS epidemic, 54–55; middle class, 115, 119; seen as nonhuman objects, 17, 25, 62; in South Africa, 14, 115; as victims, 141, 190; whites’ belief in their superiority to, 55, 64, 68, 69. See also race
Bleakley, Alan, 76
Bligh, John, 76
Boateng, Setaey Adamu, 8
bodies: Aboriginal, 167, 169, 204n7; Black, 39, 167; burial of, 40–42; capitalism’s relation to, 106–7, 108, 121; colonizing, 60, 167; as effluent, 5, 7, 14, 39, 45–46, 80–81
body-mapping, 153–55
body-snatching, 11, 12, 194–95n10. See also slavery/slaves
Browne, Julie Brice, 76
Bruce, Susan, 95
bubble, the, 88–93, 98, 115; as containment, 94, 125–26, 136, 190; in Heat and Light, 93, 101–2, 108, 120–21; in The Reactive, 108
burials: of afterbirth, 36–37, 39; during HIV/AIDS epidemic, 40–42
Butler, Judith, 100, 113, 151, 195n3, 196n12. See also disposability, Butler’s concept of; grievability, Butler’s concept of; precarity, Butler’s concept of; speakability, Butler’s concept of; ungrievability, Butler’s concept of; unspeakability, Butler’s concept of
Canada: American Revolution Black Loyalists settled in, 65, 66; health-care system in, 88; Indigenous peoples in, 16, 130; medical students from, 77
capitalism, 15, 17, 29, 31, 38, 110, 119, 172, 195n5; addiction’s relation to, 100–103, 107; biomedical regimes under, 83; body’s relation to, 106–7, 108, 121; boom-bust cycles, 119; fiction of, 94, 95, 99; interdependency rendered by, 32–33; nexus with whiteness and colonialism, 171; subvention demands, 26, 167; U.S., 95, 100. See also colonial capitalism; global capitalism; late capitalism; settler capitalism; settler-colonial capitalism
Cariou, Warren, “Sweetgrass Stories: Listening for Animate Land,” 38
Carpentaria Peninsula (Australia), 18. See also Waanyi; Wright, Alexis, Carpentaria; Yarralin manngyin
Cartesianism, 27, 38–39, 173, 188, 191, 196n9
Caruth, Cathy, 143
Castoriadis, Cornelius, 95
Centocow mission (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa), 42–44. See also Stankiewicz, Ignatius
Centocow region (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa), 14, 45–46
Chakrabarty, Dipesh, 99
child rape, 133–34. See also infant rape
children: exposure to lead, 89; perceived vulnerability of, 131, 132; protecting from slavery, 167; sexual assault of, 126–27, 132–38, 140, 145, 161–63, 202n8, 202–3n9, 203n12
choice disabled, 194–95n10
citizens/citizenship, 35, 45, 54, 57–58; obtaining rights through, 50, 195–96n7; protection of, 146–47
citizen-subjects, 2–3, 50, 83–84, 185. See also subjects
Cock, Joan, 129–30
Coetzee, J. M.: Diary of a Bad Year, 40; Foe, 195n2; Waiting for the Barbarians, 183–86
coffin flies, 197n19
Colarusso, Calvin, 203n12
Collings, Steve, 202–3n9
colonial capitalism, 35, 66, 81, 83, 88, 98, 118, 184, 190; Aboriginal peoples living under, 163, 165, 166–68, 172, 175–76, 177; anthropocentric, 22, 24, 63; biopolitics and, 73–75; and causes of Ebola and HIV, 52–60; culture of, 22, 114, 171; dependence on exploited workers and slave labor, 51, 57, 68, 74, 75, 84; development of, 89–90, 124; economy of, 120, 168; effluent threatened by, 13, 14; fifth-wave public-health theory and, 166–69; governance regimes of, 125, 159, 168, 181, 204n4; harm reduction response to, 14–15, 159, 166–69, 181; human rights under, 4, 92–93; legacies of, 85; management practices, 67; otherness and, 74, 75, 90–91, 188; polarities required, 123; racist governance intersecting with, 57, 189; relations of, 11–12; resilience of, 27; resistance to, 167; sovereignty of, 84; the state and, 57, 91–92, 188; structural violence of, 51, 58, 63, 86, 115, 166, 191; subjects of, 26, 64, 74; substance abuse and, 87–121; use of term, 1, 159; values of, 86, 129; violence of, 94, 112, 198n7. See also capitalism; global capitalism; late capitalism; settler capitalism; settler-colonial capitalism
colonialism, 3, 25, 29, 51, 79, 144, 159, 162; commodification of, 148–49; health’s relation to, 50–51, 57, 58; history of, 1, 30; nexus with whiteness and capitalism, 171. See also decolonialism; neocolonialism; power, colonial; settler-colonial capitalism; settler colonialism
colonization, 29, 60, 123, 149, 180; focus on humanities, 165–66; trauma of, 141, 191; whites’ practices of, 3, 94, 171. See also decolonization
combined and unequal development, WReC’s theory of, 89–90, 95
commodification/commodities, 12, 66, 84, 144, 146–49, 171
communities. See effluent communities; postcolonialism, communities under
Covid-19, 20–22, 51, 55, 56, 58, 188
cruel optimism: Berlant’s theory of, 98, 113–17, 120, 143, 149, 168, 169
Culhane, Dara, 191
cultural competence, 76–77; definition of, 199n14
cultural despair: use of term, 130
culture, 34, 76, 130, 144, 194n7; Aboriginal, 144, 169, 177, 180; colonialist-capitalist, 22, 114, 171; of confession, 104–5; definition of, 199n14; of effluence, 196n9; Enlightenment, 34; isiZulu, 41; settler, 156–57, 174; Western, 189
Dangarembga, Tsitsi, Nervous Conditions, 95–96, 110, 166
deaths, 23–24, 74, 80, 118; during HIV/AIDS epidemic, 40–46, 50. See also necropolitics; slow death; thanatopolitics
debility, 59, 84; in postcolonial state, 50–51, 73–75, 85
decolonialism, 4, 19, 38, 113, 161, 166, 188; in Carpentaria, 157; history of medicine in relation to, 19, 51, 61–62; politics of, 166; social history of, 60, 111. See also colonialism
decolonization, 1–4, 147, 161, 189. See also colonization
Defoe, Daniel, 89–90; Robinson Crusoe, 26
democracy, 1, 70, 130, 131, 134
development. See combined and uneven development, WReC’s theory of
De Vries, Hein, 201n1
discrimination. See racism
disease(s), 57, 187–88; anthroponotic, 22; effluence in, 49–86; Haiti associated with, 70; suffering caused by, 53, 187; zoonotic, 22. See also health/health care; medicine; pandemics; and individual diseases
disposability, 75; Butler’s concept of, 12, 29, 147; inadequacy to the effluent, 29–47
Doctors of the World, 52
Douglas, Paul H., 70
Duncan, Thomas Eric, 81
Eagleton, Terry, 99
Ebola, 51–62, 80, 81, 82, 85, 200n15. See also Halloween, Ebola costumes for
effluence, 39, 51, 196n9; capacity of, 159–82; culture of, 196n9; description of, 11–12; in disease, 49–86; as extra-anthropocentric conceit, 3–4; genre of, 90; health care in relation to, 13–14; human right-making and, 159–82; methodologies and epistemologies of, 17, 123–57; poetics of, 6–8; as remainder, 147–48, 152, 153
effluent communities, 23–24, 36, 84–85; co-constituted, 83; grievability/ungrievability in, 40–47, 90, 91–92; narratives of, 28, 32; persistence in, 86, 93, 153; resilience within, 33, 112–21, 124; survival of, 104
effluent eye, 4–15, 23, 50–51, 57, 82
effluent subjects, 33–35, 39, 56–58, 61, 83–84; in Heat and Light, 102; rights of, 28, 45–46. See also subjectivities, effluent; subjects
embodiment, 11, 22, 25, 36–37, 113, 187, 198n2
England, Katherine, 178
English (language), 23, 27, 35, 36, 39, 197n17
Enlightenment, 28, 34, 37, 62. See also post-Enlightenment
environment/environmentalism, 3, 11; posthuman, 1, 204n3; subjectivities of, 6, 174; use of term, 193n3
Esposito, Roberto: on immunity, 82–83, 85, 112–13
Europe/Europeans, 37, 60, 68, 114, 136, 143, 200n4; European Man, 17, 28; Western, 3, 84, 89
extractive industries: addiction compared to, 94–121; economy of, 98–99, 102–3; exploitative practices, 19, 94, 204n3; sexual assault compared to, 124; in South Africa, 100–101. See also fracking
Farmer, Paul, 198n7
fetish/fetishism, 11–12, 22, 29, 143, 177, 188, 197n17; definitions of, 54, 181
fifth-wave public-health theory, 18, 136, 166–69, 188. See also health/health care; public health
Fisher, Mark, 95
forum theater, 153–55
Foucault, Michel, 6, 33, 54, 74, 75, 83, 84
fracking, 15, 94, 98–99, 102–3, 106, 124. See also extractive industries
Freud, Sigmund, 25
Gaensbauer, Theodore J., 202n8
Gambetti, Zeynep, 195n3
gender-based-violence (GBV), 134–38; extractive industry compared to, 126; harm-reduction strategy applied to, 188–91; against Indigenous women, 124; in KwaZulu-Natal, 140–41, 155; perpetrators of, 154–56, 161; victim-survivors of, 134, 155–56. See also rape; sexual assault
genre of man: disease in, 51, 187; normate human beings and, 126–27, 184, 186; Wynter’s concept of, 3, 17, 19, 50, 124, 159–60, 186
genre of the human, 18, 27, 29, 58, 62, 187; African humanism’s likeness to, 35–36; in Carpentaria, 166, 188; existential problem of death, 23–24; human rights invested in, 3, 47, 195n3; interdisciplinary, 24–25; normates and, 130, 191; rejection of, 4–5, 28; treatment in the UNDHR, 51, 57, 63, 160; Western, 26, 28, 34; Wynter’s concept of, 17, 27, 50, 164. See also human beings
geobiography, 169–82, 186, 190
geos-bios divide, 176–77, 180. See also bios
Giroux, Henry, 75
Glissant, Éduoard, 189
global capitalism, 1, 13, 83, 87, 110, 195n5; dependence on exploited workers and slave labor, 74; persistence under, 112–21; structural violence of, 1, 18, 61. See also capitalism; colonial capitalism; settler capitalism; settler-colonial capitalism
governance, 80, 182, 195n5; colonialist-capitalist, 125, 159, 168, 181, 204n4; European colonial, 136; imperial forms of, 5–6; liberal, 126–27, 129–30, 177, 179–80, 188; neoliberal, 176; racist, 57, 189; settler-colonialist, 163. See also nation-state; state, the
grievability, 38; Butler’s concept of, 4, 33–34, 35–36, 46, 49, 127; within effluent communities, 39, 40–47, 91–92
gross human rights violations (GHRVs), 12–13; definition of, 194n5. See also human rights violations (HRVs)
Gugelberger, Georg M., Marxism and African Literature, 30
HAART. See highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
Haigh, Jennifer, Heat and Light, 85, 87–90, 94–121, 188; bubble in, 93, 101–2; The Reactive compared to, 87, 89–90, 186–88
Haiti: call for reparations for slavery, 69–73, 84; cholera in, 72–73; HIV/AIDS in, 70, 79–80; prejudice against, 199n11
Halloween: Ebola costumes for, 52, 54, 55–57, 58, 62–63, 80, 81. See also Ebola
Hanlon, Peter S., 18. See also fifth-wave public-health theory
Haraway, Donna, 198n6
harm reduction: applied to gender-based-violence (GBV), 188–91; mastering carbon-imaginary values, 180; as persistence, 163–66; response to colonial capitalism, 14–15, 159, 166–69, 181
Harris, Wilson, 123–24, 150; Guyana Quartet, 195n2
health/health care: commodification’s relation to, 50–51, 58; definition of, 119; extra-anthropocentric, 13–14; human right to, 15–22, 49–51; Indigenous peoples’ obstacles to, 191; socio-political determinants of, 52, 73; state’s role in, 49, 54; structural violence’s effects on, 59, 85, 198n7; white colonial-settler’s right to, 88. See also disease(s); fifth-wave public-health theory; highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); medicine; public health; social and economic determinants of health (SEDH); World Health Organization (WHO)
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 197n18
highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART): mapping progress of patients on, 154; medical care required while taking, 79; necessity of, 114–15; refusal to take, 14, 201n8; right to, 40, 45; state rollout of, 24, 44, 110, 118; use in Lesotho, 77
HIV/AIDS, 60, 61, 62, 197n15; deaths from, 40–46, 50; in Haiti, 70, 79–80; in Lesotho, 77–79, 80; origins of, 19–20; self-infecting, 96–97, 103, 113; testing positive for, 95, 108. See also highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); South Africa, HIV/AIDS epidemic in
Holocaust: trauma of, 4, 139–40, 141
Huber, Matthew T., 33
Huggan, Graham, 170–71
human beings, 36, 63, 159–60, 186–87; instrumentalization of, 54, 60, 172; Western notion of, 2–3, 4. See also genre of the human
humanism: liberal, 24, 26, 28, 190; normate, 130; post-Enlightenment Eurocentric, 35; relation between African and European, 37; scholars of, 138–39
humanism, African, 44, 196n10; Mphahlele’s concept of, 24, 34–40, 46, 161, 186, 187, 189, 196n8
humanitarianism, 3, 52, 58, 72, 80, 85–86, 138, 199n12
humanities, 4, 139, 141, 165–66
human right-making, 4–6, 23, 159–82, 185; extra-anthropocentric, 173–82
human rightness: extra-anthropocentric, 23, 31–32; nonanthropocentric, 47, 197n14
human rights, 45, 165; Aboriginal peoples’ claims to, 160, 162–63, 174–75, 177, 181–82, 185; anthropocentric, 31, 124, 164, 182; bildungsroman as manifestation of, 26, 63, 90, 96, 164, 166; under colonialist-capitalist, 4, 92–93; commanding, 30; extra-anthropocentric, 5–6, 164, 169, 171, 177; in face of decolonization, 1–4; genre of, 32, 195n3; to health/health care, 15–22, 49–51; normative, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 13, 23, 24–28, 177; orthodox, 31, 46; reframing, 90, 163–66, 197n14; values of, 2–3, 17
human rights violations (HRVs), 60, 166, 194n5. See also gross human rights violations (GHRVs)
Hunter, Mark, 201n1
hypercapitalism, 17, 32; definition of, 194n7
hyperobjectivity/hyperobjects: Morton’s concept of, 63, 169, 174, 181–82, 190, 204n4. See also object(s)
imaginaries: carbon, 175–78, 180; effluent, 39; Enlightenment, 62; extra-anthropocentric, 171; geobiographical, 176; nonlinear, 189; settler-colonial, 184; settler-state, 57
immunization/immunity, 56, 64, 84; Esposito on, 82–83, 85, 112–13
imperialism, 5–6, 30–31, 60, 76, 77
Imrie, John, 201n1
Ince, Onur Ulas, 1
Indigenous peoples, 4, 14, 38, 94, 111, 124, 189; in Carpentaria, 18–19, 115, 204n7; dispossession of lands, 1, 3, 62, 159, 163, 184–85; existing on margins of the state, 33, 91–92; healing forms regarded as inferior to Western medicine, 58, 60, 76–80, 187; labor of, 15, 16, 19, 186; regarded as lazy, 14, 16, 26; sovereignty of, 168, 190, 191. See also Aboriginal peoples; and individual groups of Indigenous peoples
infant rape, 133, 135–37, 150, 202n8. See also child rape; children, sexual assault of; rape; sexual assault
instrumentalization, 5, 139, 165; of Aboriginal bodies, 169, 181, 204n7; capitalist, 100, 168; of human beings, 54, 60, 172; logic of, 33, 107–8; of objects, 171; of Western medicine, 75–76; of white liberalism, 129
intersectionality, theory of, 128–29, 140
Intervention, the. See Northern Territory National Emergency Response (NTER, Australia)
interventions: effluent-enabling, 149–57; exceeding resistance, 31; foreign, 79; humanitarian, 3, 58, 199n12; medical, 81; public health, 18, 167
isiZulu peoples, 84, 85; culture of, 41; language of, 155, 196n10, 201n1
Jackson, Zakiyyah Iman, 28, 29, 34, 196n9
Jamaica, 66, 68, 199n10. See also Maroons
Jolly, Rosemary J., 195n1
Kaplan, Arthur, 52
Kappelman, Ben Desmond, 201n2
Kasdorf, Julia, 124
Katz, Louis, 200n15
Kimmerer, Robin Wall, Braiding Sweetgrass, 38
Kinshasa (Republic of Congo): origins of HIV in, 19–20. See also Leopoldville (Republic of Congo)
Kirk, Robert, 52
Kłodziński, Stanisław, 74
Krog, Antjie, 137
KwaZulu-Natal (KZN, South Africa): gender-based violence in, 140–41, 155; HIV/AIDS epidemic in, 14, 41, 54, 134–35, 137, 140, 141; youth sexual relationships, 201n1
labor, 15, 87, 177; Aboriginal, 160, 165, 169, 175, 176; exploitative practices of, 3, 26, 57–58, 64, 68, 74–75, 84, 124, 169, 204n3; indentured, 20, 51, 136, 159; of Indigenous peoples, 15, 16, 19, 186. See also slavery/slaves
LaCapra, Dominick, 139–40, 141, 143
language. See English (language); isiZulu peoples, language of
Lansing, Robert, 69
late capitalism, 18, 61, 166, 177–78, 180. See also capitalism; colonial capitalism; global capitalism; settler capitalism
late liberalism, 144, 146–49, 176, 191–92. See also liberalism; neoliberalism
Laub, Dori, 13
Leavis, F. R.: “Great Tradition” proposed by, 89–90
Lemey, Phillipe, 80
Leopoldville (Republic of Congo), 19–20, 52
Lesotho: HIV/AIDS in, 77–79, 80
Lethabo King, Tiffany, 4
let live, make die, 73–75. See also biopolitics; make die
Levi, Primo, 151
Lewis, Stephen, 197n20
liberalism, 129. See also late liberalism; neoliberalism; settler liberalism
Liberia: Ebola epidemic in, 53, 54, 81; history of, 66, 67–69, 73
Little Children Are Sacred report (LCASR), 162, 163, 166
living, the: relations with the unborn and the ancestors, 35–37, 39, 57, 186, 189
Lukács, Georg, The Meaning of Contemporary Realism, 30
Macoun, Alissa, 163
make die, 84, 180. See also let live, make die
manngyin, Yarralin, 170–71, 173, 187
maroons, 66–67, 68, 199n10. See also Jamaica
materialism. See animism, materialist; new materialism
Mbembe, Achille, 54, 74–75, 84
McClure, Kristie, 180
McKegney, Sam, 27
medicine: postcolonial, 59–62, 76; precolonial, 59–60; privatization of, 85–86; rescue, 76–80; tropical, 187; Western regarded as superior to Indigenous, 58, 60, 76–80, 187. See also disease(s); health/health care
Mende peoples, 65–66
MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome), 21
Million, Dian, 124, 156, 190–91, 201n6
MINUSTAH, 72–73
modernism: genres of, 150
modernity, 24, 82–83, 99; capitalist, 26, 38
Morton, Timothy. See hyperobjectivity/hyperobjects, Morton’s concept of
mousetrap, 87–90, 94; in Heat and Light, 112; in The Reactive, 108
Mphahlele, Es’kia, 196n8; And the Birds Flew Away (proposed novel), 28, 38, 197n16; on burial of afterbirth, 37, 39; narrative by, 46. See also humanism, African, Mphahlele’s concept of
Musselman, 75, 85; as racialized term, 74, 199n13
narratives, 17, 24, 28, 46, 138–42, 164, 187. See also bildungsroman; novels
nation-state: in Carpentaria, 160, 179; formation of, 61, 63–75; power of, 54; treatment of minorities, 191; violence inflicted by, 32, 90, 115. See also governance; state, the
Native peoples. See Aboriginal peoples; Indigenous peoples; and individual groups of Indigenous peoples
necropolitics, 75. See also politics; thanatopolitics
neocolonialism, 29, 31, 58, 85, 149, 159. See also colonialism; postcolonialism; settler colonialism
neoliberalism, 30–31, 129–30, 192, 195n4, 204n7. See also late liberalism; settler liberalism
new materialism, 27–28, 37, 195n1
Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 82
Nixon, Rob, 142
Nolen, Stephanie, 46
nonhuman animals, 6, 21, 35, 44; companion, 51, 62; otherness of, 25, 159
normate, the, 129, 153, 189; behavior change interventions, 154–55; genre of man and, 126–27, 184, 186; genre of the human and, 130, 191; of liberal humanism, 159–60; sexual assault concept of, 126–28
Northern Territory National Emergency Response (NTER, Australia), 3, 132, 161–63, 166, 181
novels, 25, 176, 181–82. See also bildungsroman; narratives
Ntshanga, Masande, The Reactive, 87, 94–121; effluence in, 85–86, 90, 93; Heat and Light compared to, 87, 89–90, 186–88; resilience in, 100, 108
object(s), 25–26, 62, 143, 171, 187, 195n1. See also hyperobjectivity/hyperobjects, Morton’s concept of
Oliver, Kelly, 12, 13, 14, 92, 126, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161
oppression: histories of, 142, 150; systemic, 128, 137–38
otherness/others, 37, 83, 123, 187; affirmation of, 92–93; colonialist-capitalist, 74, 75, 90–91, 188; cultural setting of, 77, 189; nonhuman, 25, 159; politics of, 198n6; suffering of, 147, 148–49
pandemics, 17–18, 19. See also Covid-19
Parry, Benita, 195n2
patriarchy, 131, 144–47, 161, 166, 180
Pennsylvania, 87, 89, 94, 98–99. See also Three Mile Island leak
Pennsylvania State University. See Sandusky, Gerry, sexual assault scandal
persistence, 4, 31, 36, 126, 169, 190, 201n6; depicted in Carpentaria, 175–77; of effluent communities, 86, 93, 153; under global capitalism, 112–21; harm reduction as, 163–66; use of term, 195n4
Philip, Marlene NourbeSe, 27; Zong!, 6, 8–12. See also Zong (slave ship)
Pierre, Joseph M., 203n11
Piot, Peter, 79
placenta: use of term, 196n13. See also afterbirth
politics: of affect, 144; of body-snatching, 11, 12; of colonialism, 57; of decolonialism, 166; of the effluent, 7; of immunity, 83, 84, 85, 112–13; of intentionality, 61; marginal, 54; of neocolonialism, 85; of otherness, 198n6; racial, 55, 82–83; of recognition, 12–13, 92, 143, 160, 161, 182; of self, 93; of sympathy, 148–49; textual, 29. See also biopolitics; necropolitics; thanatopolitics
postcolonialism, 1, 165; communities under, 23–24, 91–92, 99–100; exotic of, 170–71, 187; illness and debility in, 73–75, 83; inadequacy to the effluent, 29–47; medical education and, 75, 77; pathological, 29–32
post-Enlightenment, 2, 16, 24, 25, 27, 35–36. See also Enlightenment
posthumanism, 1, 24, 27–28, 37, 196n9, 204n3
poststructuralism, 29–31
Povinelli, Elizabeth, 27, 143, 147, 159, 160, 169, 174–76, 177, 179–80, 181
power: anthropocentric, 198n8; colonial, 30–31, 38; geontological, 176, 177; to let live, make die, 73–75; to make die, 180, 184; sovereign, 54, 74, 84; utopian will to, 61; white male heteronormative, 124
precarity: Butler’s concept of, 4, 32–33, 90–93
prejudice. See racism
Preston, Richard, The Hot Zone, 80
Preston-Whyte, Eleanor, 20
public health, 13–14, 20, 63, 136, 159. See also fifth-wave public-health theory; health/health care
racism, 55, 65, 70, 136, 196n9; grievance under, 57, 189; Hegelian, 40, 197n18. See also apartheid; Black Lives Matter
rape, 126, 127, 129, 145, 171, 194–95n10; trauma of, 139, 141, 148; on U.S. college campuses, 127, 132, 145–46; victim-survivors of, 137–38, 151. See also child rape; gender-based-violence (GBV); infant rape; sexual assault
Rastafarianism, 68
rationality: Enlightenment culture of, 28, 34
Ravenscroft, Alison, 170, 173, 176, 178, 187
recognition. See politics, of recognition
reservoir species, 20–21, 200n15
resilience, 27, 34, 78, 95, 177, 188; of child-rape survivors, 134, 140; of colonial capitalism, 27; communal, 135, 144; effluent, 112–21; in face of structural violence, 156–57; of global capitalism, 84; medical concept of, 166–67; as neoliberal tool, 195n4, 204n7; in reaction to trauma, 143; in The Reactive, 100, 108
Richardson, Samuel, 89–90
rights, 126, 159–60, 190. See also human right-making; human rightness; human rights; human rights violations (HRVs)
Rose, Deborah Bird, 170
Ross, Fiona, 137
Rothberg, Michael, 149
Rouse, Joseph, 196n9
Rushdie, Salman, Midnight’s Children, 195n2
Ryn, Zdzisław, 74
Sabsay, Leticia, 195n3
Sanders, Bernie: campaign for the presidency, 32
Sandusky, Gerry, sexual assault scandal, 127–28, 142
SARS-CoV, 20–22. See also Covid-19
savior mentality, 62, 110, 126, 132
Schmaljohn, Alan, 200n15
Schmidt, Hans, 70
self-harm, 166–67, 168. See also addiction; HIV/AIDS, self-infecting; substance abuse
Seligman, Herbert J., 71–72
Senauth, Frank, 71
settler capitalism, 3, 75, 112, 126, 190. See also capitalism; colonial capitalism; global capitalism; late capitalism
settler-colonial capitalism, 16, 126, 138, 175–76
settler colonialism, 14, 17, 59, 61, 111, 124, 184, 189, 191; structural violence of, 125, 129–30, 138. See also colonialism; neocolonialism; postcolonialism
settler liberalism, 176. See also late liberalism; neoliberalism
sexual assault: causes of, 190; commodification’s relation to, 171; global context, 123–57; intergenerational perpetration, 131, 136; male-on-male, 132–33; in the military, 201n2; perpetrators of, 126–29, 131–32, 146–51, 153; perpetrator-victims of, 125, 128, 142, 149; prevention and healing, 149–57; in South Africa, 127, 134–36; trauma of, 126, 138–42, 148, 150–51; victim-survivors of, 13, 124–28, 131–32, 134–35, 137–38, 142, 150–51, 153–55, 191, 201n2. See also child rape; children, sexual assault of; gender-based-violence (GBV); infant rape; rape; women, sexual assault of
shame: in Heat and Light, 103–5, 116–17; sexual assault victims’ feelings of, 151–53
Sharpe, Christina, 4
Sherbro peoples, 64
Shoah. See Holocaust
Sierra Leone: history of, 64–67, 69, 73
simultaneous reading, 183–92
Slaughter, Joseph, 27, 166; on bildungsroman, 24, 26, 90, 93, 164; Human Rights, Inc., 25; on Nervous Conditions, 96
slavery/slaves, 1, 4, 60, 136, 159, 167; colonial capitalism’s dependence on, 51, 57, 68, 74, 75, 84; historical figures of, 56–57; rebellion against, 69–71; reparations for, 73, 84; settling freed slaves in African colonies and Haiti, 63–73; as structural violence, 125; subventions from, 13, 26; trauma of, 139–40; U.S. role in, 53, 54. See also body-snatching; commodification/commodities; labor, exploitative practices of; Philip, Marlene NourbeSe, Zong!; Zong (slave ship)
slow becoming, 183–92
slow death, 73, 75, 117, 169, 189–90
social and economic determinants of health (SEDH), 59, 61, 198n3
South Africa: Blacks in, 14, 115; extractive industries in, 100–101; HIV/AIDS epidemic in, 14, 24, 39–47, 54–55, 78, 110, 115, 127, 134–37, 140–41, 154, 197n20, 201n1; sexual abuse in, 127, 134–36. See also apartheid; KwaZulu-Natal (KZN, South Africa); Lesotho; Soweto township (Johannesburg, South Africa)
sovereignty, 12, 61, 63, 74–75, 84; of Indigenous peoples, 168, 190, 191; power of, 54, 74, 84; state, 5, 11–12, 84
Soweto township (Johannesburg. South Africa), 13, 197n17
Soyinka, Wole, 27, 36, 39; Death and the King’s Horseman, 186
speakability: Butler’s concept of, 6–7, 10, 11, 152, 153, 167; of capitalism’s failures, 87. See also unspeakability
spectator-reader privilege, 142–49
Stankiewicz, Ignatius, 43, 44. See also Centocow mission
state, the, 3, 23, 55, 60, 161, 190; colonialist-capitalist, 57, 91–92, 188; debility in, 50–51; neoliberal, 31, 192; postcolonial, 35, 79; role in right to health care, 24, 44, 49, 54, 110, 118; settler, 57, 64; sovereignty of, 5, 11–12, 84; as subject, 185–86. See also governance; nation-state; violence, state-inflicted
Stronger Futures Act (Australia), 162–63
structural violence, 2, 12, 55, 57, 124, 143, 194n5; of colonial capitalism, 51, 58, 63, 86, 115, 166, 191; effects on health, 59, 85, 198n7; Galtung’s definition of, 128–29; of global capitalism, 1, 18, 61; intersectional, 140, 141; overcoming, 189–90; recognition of, 29–30; resilience in face of, 156–57; of settler colonialism, 125, 129–30, 138; state-inflicted, 93, 161. See also gender-based-violence (GBV); rape; sexual assault; violence
subjectivities, 24, 85, 173; Aboriginal, 189; bourgeois, 31; in Carpentaria, 166; co-constituted, 153, 187, 189, 191, 193n3; effluent, 11–15, 35; environmental, 6, 174; forms of, 5–6, 118; human, 63; individual, 151; of matter, 196n9; of slow becoming, 191–92; sovereign, 12, 84; of the state, 185, 186; of victims, 126, 132
subjects, 12, 75, 110, 143; of bildungsroman, 92–93; co-constituted, 3, 36, 117, 120; colonial capitalist, 26, 64, 74; discrete, 7–8, 11; human, 3, 5, 24–28, 62, 186–87; myth of, 90–93; normative, 11, 13, 25; of property, 10–11; reactives/reactors, 95; rights-bearing/rights-seeking, 161, 163–66, 181–82; of trauma, 144, 153. See also citizen-subjects; effluent subjects
sub-Saharan Africa: animist traditions in, 34–36; Hegel on, 197n18; HIV/AIDS epidemic in, 39–40, 46, 51, 55; Indigenous peoples in, 16; postcolonies of, 73. See also Liberia; Sierra Leone; South Africa; West Africa
substance abuse, 166–67; colonial capitalism and, 87–121; harm reduction strategy applied to, 159; among Indigenous peoples, 18. See also addiction; self-harm
suffering, 40–47; Berlant’s theory of, 125, 143–44; in Carpentaria, 171, 182; caused by disease, 53, 187; deep, 81; of others, 147, 148–49; recognizing, 11–12; spectators of, 127, 143–44
sustainability, 28, 79, 119, 165, 174, 180–81, 190–91
TallBear, Kim, 159
Tatem, Andrew J., 80
Temne peoples, 65–66
thanatopolitics, 82–83. See also necropolitics; politics
Three Mile Island leak, 88–89, 102, 200n1
transmission species, 19–21
trauma, 165, 190, 191, 202–3n9; of apartheid, 136, 140, 141, 150; of colonization, 141, 191; as event, 134, 142–43, 150–51, 202n8; exceptionalism of, 123–57; gender-based, 136, 137–38; reactions to, 203n11, 203n12; of sexual assault, 126, 138–42, 148, 150–51; theories of, 4, 126, 138–42, 142–49
Trotsky, Leon: theory of combined but uneven development, 89
Trump, Donald J., 69, 145, 199n11, 203n13
Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC): in Canada, 190–91; in South Africa, 109, 137–38, 194n5
unborn, the: abortion issue and, 196n12; relations with the living and the ancestors, 35–37, 39, 57, 186, 189
ungrievability: Butler’s concept of, 4, 12, 40, 90, 91, 147. See also grievability
United Nations, Declaration on Human Rights (UNDHR), 2, 3, 17; Aboriginal/Indigenous life excluded from, 160, 161; treatment of genre of the human, 51, 57, 63, 160
United Nations, Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), 160
United Nations High Commission on Human Rights (UNHCHR), 16
unspeakability, 24, 39, 47, 52, 151; Butler’s concept of, 10–13; figures of, 6–7, 58. See also speakability
utopianism, 15, 57–58, 60, 61, 64, 83–86
Veracini, Lorenzo, 193n2
Verwoerd, Hendrik Frensch, 200n4
violence, 85, 124; colonialist-capitalist, 94, 112, 198n7; against HIV-positive people, 140–41; intergenerational, 136, 162; interpersonal, 140, 194n5; racialized, 85, 136; sexual, 131, 138, 146–47; state-inflicted, 13, 32–33, 90, 91, 115, 131, 134, 164. See also gender-based-violence (GBV); gross human rights violations (GHRVs); sexual assault; structural violence
Wacquant, L., 87
Wagner, Valeria, 95
waiting-with, practice of, 111, 118, 120
Waanyi, 178, 187. See also Wright, Alexis, Carpentaria
Warwick Research Collective (WReC): combined and uneven development theory, 89–90, 95
waste: from effluent bodies, 5, 7, 14, 39, 46; lead, 89, 174
Watt, Ian: history of the novel, 89–90
Weheliye, Alexander G., 12, 74, 125, 131, 199n13
West Africa, 51–52, 85. See also Liberia; Sierra Leone
whiteness/whites, 36, 39, 62, 75, 129, 182, 185; belief in their superiority to Blacks, 55, 64, 68, 69; colonization practices, 3, 94, 171; right to health care, 88; savior mentality, 62, 110, 126, 132. See also savior mentality
Winter, Yves, 129
women: Black, 17, 55; perceived vulnerability of, 131, 132; sexual assault of, 124, 126–27, 135–38, 141, 145. See also gender-based-violence (GBV)
World Health Organization (WHO): constitution, 15; definition of SDEH, 198n3; response to SARS-CoV, 20; on right to health and health care, 49–50
Wright, Alexis, 130, 190; Grog War, 168
Wright, Alexis, Carpentaria, 159–82, 186–87; anthropocentric values posed by, 169–73; effluent subjects in, 157; genre of the human in, 166, 188; harm reduction strategy in, 188; Indigenous peoples in, 18–19, 115, 204n7; nation-state in, 160, 179; as normative human-rights narrative, 181; persistence depicted in, 175–76; suffering in, 171, 182; timescape in, 169–73; youths in, 189. See also Waanyi
Wynter, Sylvia, 2, 23, 123. See also genre of man, Wynter’s concept of; genre of the human, Wynter’s concept of
Yeats, W. B., 57; “Crazy Jane Talks with the Bishop,” 6–8, 10
Žižek, Slavoj, 95
zombies, 56–57, 58, 70; as revenants, 80–86
Zong (slave ship), 13, 14, 15. See also Philip, Marlene NourbeSe, Zong!
zooanthroponoses, 22
zorg. See health/health care