Index
Page numbers in italic refer to illustrations.
Abney, William de Wivelselie, 6
Adorno, Theodor, 17
agencement, 39
Ainsworth, Peter, 190–91
Alberti, Leon Battista, 43, 45, 108, 114
Albertz, Joerg, 106
Alembert, Jean Le Rond d’, 8
Amazon, 19
Andersen, Christian Ulrik, 178
Andrejevic, Mark, 180
Anthropocene Observatory, 152
apparatuses, 40
Application Program Interfaces (APIs), 170
Arago, François, 5, 102, 115–16
architectural modeling, viii, 45–46, 185
artificial intelligence (AI; machine learning), 15, 18, 19, 79–81, 87, 90, 150, 167, 198, 213–17; activations and operations linked to, 21; fake geographies and, 169; for games, 60, 68; at institutional level, 13; invisible technical images in, 29, 91; modeling functions in, 77, 80, 86; regularities extracted in, 78; social impact of, 82; statistical models underlying, 76; video linked to, 171
astronomic images, 1, 62, 84–85
Asunder (Brain, Oliver, and Sjölén), 169, 171, 172
Atlas of Emotion (Bruno), 28
autonomous vehicles, 30, 49, 73, 191, 195
AVA (atomic visual actions) dataset, 74
Azoulay, Ariella Aïsha, 115, 128, 135–36
Bailey, Solon Irving, 1–2, 4, 7
Bal, Mieke, 28
Barad, Karen, 33, 37, 38, 39–40, 55, 87
Barnard, E. E., 6
Baudrillard, Jean, 12, 219, 239n37
Bauordnungslehre (Neufert), 45
Bayesian heuristics, 216
Bazdyrieva, Asia, 150, 156, 157, 166, 169
Beautemps-Beaupré, Charles-François, 117–18, 119
Bellour, Raymond, 17
Belt and Road Initiative, 155–56
Bender, John, 7
Benjamin, Walter, 148
Bergson, Henri, 245n2
bias, 82–83
Bilibili (Chinese company), 177
Bishop, Ryan, 196
Blackett, Patrick, 13
Blanke, Tobias, 79–80
Blas, Zach, 61
Blaschke, Estelle, 86
Bonnen, Marianne van den, 147
Bradotti, Rosi, 16
Brain, Tega, 169
Brasch, Ilka, 145–46, 148–49, 153
Bratton, Benjamin, 69, 199, 215, 239n40, 262n55
Braun, Marta, 110
Bredekamp, Horst, 34
Bridgman, Percy Williams, 31
Broca’s Brain (Sagan), ix
Brookes (slave ship), 49–50
Brunelleschi, Battista, 108
Bruno, Giuliana, 28
Bouguer, Pierre, 133, 134, 135, 136
Bouman, Kate, 214
building information modeling (BIM), 185
Buolamwini, Joy, 82
Burch, Noël, 168
Busch, Emil, 106
Canales, Jimena, 32, 173–74, 191
capitalism, 15, 29, 32–33, 44, 50–56, 83, 168; platforms linked to, 71, 72, 94, 209
Carte de Ciel, 3
Cassini, Jean-Dominique, 129
Chaplin, Charlie, 147
Chávez Heras, Daniel, 79–80
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, 155
CHIRP (Continuous High-resolution Image Reconstruction using Patch priors), 214
chronophotography, 84, 89, 109–10, 123
Chun, Wendy Hui Kyong, 60, 61, 71, 93
climate data, 48, 91, 155, 156, 162, 164, 172
Clinton, Bill, 154
Colson, René, 63
Commercial and Political Atlas and Statistical Breviary (Playfair), 67
Common Objects in Context (COCO), 76
Community Earth System Model (CESM), 169
computer graphics, 42, 94, 137, 234n53
conceptual persuasion, 24, 25, 217
Cooper, Melinda, 172
Counter Music (Farocki), 180, 206, 207
Count of Monte Cristo, The (Dumas), 173–74
Cowen, Deborah, 54
Crawford, Kate, 79
Creators of Shopping Worlds (Farocki), 142, 180
Critical Zones (exhibition), 152
Crookes, William, 6
Cubitt, Sean, 48, 66, 124, 167, 172, 240n50, 261n36, 266n12
cybernetics, 32
Daguerre, L. J. M., 6
Dark Matters (Browne), 49
Darwin, Charles, 135
dashboards, 21
data visualization, 42, 47, 66, 89, 110, 111, 112, 113, 125
Deane, Cormac, 256n59
DeepMask, 21
de la Rue, Warren, 6
Deleuze, Gilles, 16–17, 27, 39, 43, 149, 218, 238n22, 241n64
Denison, Shane, 187
Derrida, Jacques, 89
Desargues, Girard, 249n30
Deville, Edouard, 189
DexNet (robotic tool), 69
Dhaliwal, Ranjodh Singh, 94, 193
Diderot, Denis, 7–8
Didi-Huberman, Georges, 57, 75
Digital Belt and Road Initiative (DBAR), 92, 143, 150–59, 161–63, 166, 171, 206
Digital Earth program, 153–55, 157, 166, 167
Disease Surveillance and Risk Mapping, 170
Distelmayer, Jan, 253n10
Doane, Mary Ann, 109
Dodge and Burn (Syjuco), 61
Doppler, Christian, 185, 195, 199
Doppler effect, 195–96
Draper, John, 6
Dream Life of Driverless Cars (ScanLAB project), 192, 194, 195, 199
Dumas, Alexandre, père, 173–74
Dürer, Albrecht, 124, 139, 140
East India Company, 117
Eastlake, Elizabeth, 216
Edgerton, Samuel, 108
Elden, Stuart, 253n5
Elsaesser, Thomas, xi, 17–18, 141, 145, 149, 162, 217
embedded vision, 191–92
Engell, Lorenz, 34
Enlightenment, 103
Eshun, Kodwo, 18
Euclid, 114
Eugeni, Ruggero, 71–72
Event Horizon and Black Hole Imaging project, 30, 212–14, 215
extractivism, 44, 52, 54–56, 189
Eye/Machine I–III (Farocki), 11
facial recognition, 48, 49, 70, 72
Farocki, Harun, vii, viii, 21, 23–25, 41, 48, 73, 85, 96, 107, 118, 146, 164, 173, 206, 207, 217–19; city of transport viewed by, 180; film installations by, 11; at IKKM, 34; on industrialization of thought, 14–15; invisible control systems and, 149; as media archaeologist, 17; measurement images in works of, 30, 98–99; military themes of, 12–13, 15, 33, 52, 103; montages of, 218; navigational themes of, 42; operational aesthetics and, 144; operational images defined by, 19; operative invisibilities and, 141–42; simulations viewed by, xi
Fashion-MNIST (dataset), 76
FieldSAFE (dataset), 76
figure de la terre, La (Maupertuis), 129–30, 132
First Gulf War (1990), vii
Fitzpatrick Skin Type system, 82
flattening, 103, 106, 125, 170, 171
Fleming, Williamina, 3
following, 42
forensics, 109
Forgotten Space, The (Sekula and Burch), 168
formatting, 140–41
Foucault, Michel, 16, 43, 60, 92, 142
Framing Territories (Geocinema), 26, 41, 150, 162, 166
Fraunhofer, Joseph von, ix–x, 62, 195
Friedrich, Kathrin, 32–33
Gaboury, Jacob, 94
Gabrys, Jennifer, 182, 232n32, 261n37
Galison, Peter, 89, 93, 213, 215
Galloway, Alex, 71
Gender Shades project, 82
Geocinema, 26, 30, 41, 92, 143, 149–62, 206
geodesic measurement, 4, 20, 30, 98, 126–28, 131, 132, 135
Geographical Information System (GIS), 183
Géométrie descriptive (Monge), 114–15, 116
gig economy, 83
Gil-Fournier, Abelardo, 26, 96, 143, 169, 170–71, 172
Global Forest Cover Change, 170
Go (board game), 68–69
Google, 183
GPS (global positioning system), 46, 48, 128–29, 130–31
GPUs (graphics processing units), 94, 193
Gravity’s Rainbow (Pynchon), 13
grids, 43–56, 111, 196; in game of Go, 68–69; in mapping, 130
Grossberg, Lawrence, 177–78
Gruber, Otto von, 264n92
Guattari, Félix, 27, 39, 238n22, 241n64
Gurevitch, Leon, 139
Halley, Edmund, 117
Halpern, Orit, 215
Harney, Stefano, 50
Harris, Neil, 146
Harvard Observatory, 1–2, 62, 85, 195
Hayles, N. Katherine, 178, 179, 239n34
Heidegger, Martin, 34–35, 232n20
Henry, Paul, 6
Henry, Prosper, 6
Herschel, Frederick William, 181
Hitch, Charlie, 14
Hoel, Aud Sissel, 20
Hoel, Aurora, 32–33
Holl, Ute, 162
Horkheimer, Max, 17
How Not to Be Seen (Steyerl), 61, 142
Humboldt, Alexander von, 135
Hunter, Matthew C., 233n35
Ice Cores (Schuppli), 152
Imagenet (dataset), 76–77, 81, 86
Image of the City, The (Kinkle), 165
Images of the World and Inscription of War (Farocki), 11, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 127
Impett, Leonardo, 79
“Impossible Images” (Menkman), 26
Inextinguishable Fire (Farocki), 15
Ingold, Tim, 125–26
intellectual property, 72
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 48
Internationale Kolleg für Kulturtechnikforschung und Medienphilosophie (IKKM), 33–34
Introduction to the Practice of Nautical Surveying, An (Beautemps-Beaupré), 118, 119
iPad, 185
Janssen, Jules, 6
Joler, Vladan, 68
Joselit, David, 44–45
Kahn, Herman, 13
Käll, Jannice, 73
Keaton, Buster, 147
Keenan, Sarah, 73
Kinect (gaming device), 186
Kinetics (dataset), 74
Klee, Paul, 169
Kracauer, Siegfried, 180
Krajewski, Markus, 34
Krämer, Sybille, 34, 35, 103, 125
Krone, Hermann, 6
labor, 82–86
Labour in a Single Shot (Farocki and Ehmann), 85, 86, 164
Lacan, Jacques, 107
La Condamine, Charles-Marie de, 133, 134, 135, 136
Lambert, Johann Heinrich, 114, 127
Landsat Earth Observation (1972), 155
Latour, Bruno, 8–9, 37, 131, 152, 160
Laussedat, Aimé, 118–22, 249n32
Leavitt, Henrietta Swan, 3–4, 5, 6–7, 10
Lee, Pamela, 144
Lek, Lawrence, 17
Leroi-Gourhan, André, 35
Li, Fei-Fei, 77
LIDAR (light detection and ranging), 22, 67, 174, 181, 184–93, 197–208, 219
LILA BC (dataset), 76
Lindseth, Frank, 20
Linnaeus, Carl, 129
Litvintseva, Sasha, 26
logistics: of DBAR, 161, 163; extraction and finance linked to, 52, 54–55, 83; grids and diagrams in, 49, 50, 51; of image compilation and naming, 77; of image vs. space, 22, 48, 51; infrastructure and, 167, 168, 178, 191; invisual operations as, 165–66; military, 127, 163; slave trade linked to, 49, 50
Lumière, Louis, 85
Lury, Celia, 229n82
Lynch, Kevin, 165
Ma, Shaoling, 157
Mach, Ernst, 62
machine learning. See artificial intelligence
machine vision, vii, 15, 22–24, 61, 69–70, 91, 93, 181, 183, 186, 193, 203, 205, 208; expanding definition of, 200; genealogy of, 182, 187; military applications of, 11, 12
Macho, Thomas, 34
Mackenzie, Adrian, 22–23, 47, 65–69, 73, 200
Magellanic clouds, 3–4, 5, 7, 10
Making of Earths, The (Geocinema), 149–53, 154, 158, 160–62, 163
Malevé, Nicolas, 77–78, 79, 81, 83
Manaugh, Geoff, 192, 193–94, 195, 198, 263n65
Marey, Etienne Jules, 84, 89, 109–10, 111, 112, 113, 123, 126
Marrinan, Michael, 7
Mars Rover, 18, 228n59, 245n98
Massumi, Brian, 16, 24, 32, 217
Maughan, Tim, 203
Maupertuis, Pierre Louis Moreau de, 129–30, 132, 133
May, John, 190, 244n95, 259n15
MbM (Made by Machine) dataset, 80
McCosker, Anthony, 192
McKim, Joel, 248n17
Mechanical Turk, 19, 77, 83, 86
Menkman, Rosa, 26, 47, 142, 213–14
metadata, 66–67
Métrophotographie (Saconney), 123–24
metrophotography, 113, 120, 123, 124, 127
Meydenbauer, Albrecht, 99, 102–3, 106, 109, 118, 122, 126–27, 180
Meyer, Roland, 141
microphotography, 62
military operations, 11–15, 33, 52, 103, 127, 163, 173; descriptive geometry and, 136; machine vision and, 12, 24; measurement and, 99, 115
Mitchell, W. J. T., 93
model images, 86–92
Moholy-Nagy, László, 188
Molnár, Vera, 242n89
Monge, Gaspard, 114–15, 116, 136
Mongkut, king of Siam, 151
Moro, Jeffrey, 234n52
Moten, Fred, 50
Movidius, Visual Processing Unit, 193
Munster, Anna, 22–23, 65–69, 73, 200
Muybridge, Eadweard, 189, 191, 197
Myriad 2 Visual Processing Unit, 193
Nancy, Jean-Luc, 52
Napoleon Bonaparte, emperor of the French, 128
National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP), 76
Neufert, Ernst, 45
new materialism, 37–39
next frame prediction, 143, 168, 170, 171
Neyt, Adolphe, 6
nonbattle, 16
Oliver, Julian, 169
On Building (Alberti), 114
Open Images (dataset), 76
operationalism, defined, 31
operations research (OR), 13, 32, 140, 174
Order of Things, The (Foucault), 43
Paglen, Trevor, 17, 23, 25, 64, 79, 173, 174; Farocki viewed by, 21, 236n83; on invisible images, 29, 61, 81
Pang, Alex Soojung-Kim, 244n90
Pantenburg, Volker, 17, 19, 96, 177, 206
Parallel I–IV (Farocki), 142
Pasquinelli, Matteo, 68, 72, 82
Pasteur, Louis, 62
pattern recognition, 18, 58, 68, 91, 109, 174–75, 183
Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia, 6
Peirce, C. S., 244n97
Pencil of Nature, The (Talbot), 198
Perrine, Charles, 85
Perspectiva liber (Lambert), 127
Peters, John Durham, 4
Phillips, John, 196
photo-diagram, 17
photogrammetry, 30, 117, 118, 124, 126–27; architectural, 99; existing technology and, 113–14; instruction in, 122, 123; instrumentation and, 102, 106, 109–10; mathematization linked to, 3, 98, 114; uses of, 120–21
photography/photographs, 29, 48, 57–58, 98; aerial, 50, 55, 118, 124; as black box, 79; digital, 74; drawing compared to, 108; flash, 197; imperialism and, 136; as model images, 88–89; money linked to, 72; objective accuracy ascribed to, 83; in pattern recognition, 108–9
Pietrusko, Robert, 212
Pilot Parliaments Benchmark (PPB), 82
Pisters, Patricia, 71–72
platform seeing, 65
plausibility, 171–72
Playfair, William, 67
Pold, Søren Bro, 178
politics of operations, 51–52
Post-lenticular Landscapes (ScanLAB Projects), 189, 192
Pratt, Mary Louise, 129
Princes Connect! (role-playing game), 177
Project Tango, 183
Pynchon, Thomas, 13
Pythagoras, 114
Raman spectroscopy, 3
RAND Corporation, 13
Rankin, William, 185
relational databases, 46, 66–67, 68
remote sensing, 6–7, 30, 32, 50, 55, 97, 118, 149–54, 159–60, 166, 179; in China, 149–50, 154, 158; of extraction sites, 56; in Geocinema’s artworks, 92; of light spectra, 195; types of, 131
“Resolution Studies” (Menkman), 47, 142
Ritter, Johann Wilhelm, 181
Rotman, Brian, 232–33
Rutherfurd, Lewis Morris, 6
Ruttman, Walter, 180
Saconney, Jacques-Théodore, 123–24
Sagan, Carl, ix
Satz, Aura, 26
Scanlab, 30, 181, 189–98, 202–3, 206
Schneider, Birgit, 125, 143–44, 233n33
science and technology studies (STS), 8, 9, 37, 38, 53, 154
Seeing Like a Rover (Vertesi), 245n98
Sekula, Allan, 25, 48–49, 66, 72, 80–81, 164, 168
Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem, 124
sewing machines, 148
Shekhar, Sashi, 263n63
shopping malls, viii
Siegert, Bernhard, 35, 38, 41, 42; grids viewed by, 43–44; hybrid objects viewed by, 37, 43; at IKKM, 34
Sjölén, Bengt, 169
slave trade, 50–51
Sloterdijk, Peter, 127
smart cities, 180
Spacelink satellite, 4
spectrometer, ix
Speer, Albert, 45
Sprenger, Florian, 208
standardization, 45, 78, 152, 164, 189
statistical modeling, 91
Steyerl, Hito, 17, 23, 25, 41, 57, 61, 74, 76, 142
Strindberg, August, 62
“Surface Value” workshop, 169
surveying, 95, 108, 115, 116, 126–27, 129
Suess, Solveig, 150, 156, 157, 166, 169
Syjuco, Stephanie, 61
Synge, Edward Hutchinson, 184, 187, 260n26
Talbot, Frederick Henry Fox, 198
Taylor, Frederick Winslow, 84
telephone, 148
telescope, 87–88, 116, 117, 131–32, 212–13
TensorFlow, 21
Terraforming program, 26–27
transparency, 4, 60–61, 71, 81, 93, 194
Tresch, John, 159
Tsing, Anna, 51
Uncertain Commons collective, 172
“Underweysung der Messung” (Dürer), 124
unimages, 63–64
Vagt, Christina, 173
Väliaho, Pasi, 17
Varley, Cornelius, 116
Vertesi, Janet, 228n57, 228n59, 245n98
Vertov, Dziga, 180
Virilio, Paul, 11, 15, 16, 64, 195, 219, 242n74
visual processing units (VPUs), 192
Vogel, Hermann Wilhelm, 6
Vold, Pamela, 263n63
Volkmer, Ottomar, 62
Voltaire, 130
Wagner, Beny, 26
Weibel, Peter, 152
Wen, Xinyi, 116
Where the City Can’t See (Young), 203–4
Whipple, John Adams, 6
White Out (Menkman), 142
Wilker, Rowan, 192
Winthrop-Young, Geoffrey, ix, 36, 231n14
Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory (Lumière), 85
Yosemite Valley, 189, 190, 191, 197
ZKM (Zentrum für Kunst und Medien Karlsruhe), 152
Zylinska, Joanna, 84