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Sound, Image, Silence: Index

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table of contents
  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright Page
  4. Contents
  5. Acknowledgments
  6. Introduction: Soundings
  7. 1. “It Seems Their Voices Are Still in My Ears”: Picturing a Tupinambá Dance in 1592
  8. 2. Frans Post’s Silent Landscapes
  9. 3. Magical Pictures, or Observations on Lightning and Thunder, Occasion’d by a Portrait of Dr. Franklin
  10. 4. At the Mouth of the Cave: Listening to Thomas Cole’s Kaaterskill Falls
  11. 5. Dancing for the Kinetograph: The Lakota Ghost Dance and the Silence of Early Cinema
  12. Coda
  13. Notes
  14. Index
  15. Color Plates

Index

Adams, John, 73

Alberti, Leon Battista, xvi, 16, 18, 26, 48, 49; De pictura, 46, 47, 60; De re aedificatoria, 46; oratory and, 46

aldeas, 39, 44

Alexander VI, 11, 14, 16

Alpers, Svetlana: The Art of Describing, 49–50

Altdorfer, Albrecht, 48

Amsterdam Athenaeum Illustre, 56, 57

Apelles, 84, 97

Apis, 7, 16

ars historica, 57–58

Atlantic world: as analytical category, ix–x; sound and, xii–xiii, xv; visual representation and, x–xii, xv

aural imagination, xiii–xv, 34, 157, 158

automata, 87, 89

Barlaeus, Caspar, xvi, 158; as humanist historian, 56–57; Mauritius redux, 57, 170n61; Rerum per octennium in Brasilia . . . historia, 36, 37, 40, 43, 54–59, 60

Barraud, François: His Master’s Voice, 144

beautiful words, 22, 24, 32. See also Land-without-Evil

Bellion, Wendy, 89

Benjamin, Walter, 32

Berger, John, 171n74

Berliner, Emile, 144, 148, 149, 151

Bernard, Jean Frédéric: Cérémonies et coutumes religieuses de tous les peuples du monde, 10

Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, xv

Big Foot, 133

Black Maria studio, 126, 127, 129, 140, 141

Blount, Thomas: Glossographia, 48

Boas, Frans: “On Alternating Sounds,” 148

Böhme, Jakob, 74

Borgia, Rodrigo. See Alexander VI

Borgia apartments. See Pinturicchio

Botticelli, Sandro, 16

Brooklyn Museum, 155

Bryant, William Cullen, 123–24

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, xviii, 126, 127, 135–36, 140, 149, 154; Wounded Knee and, 137–38, 185n31

Bumppo, Natty, 104, 106–7

Bureau of Ethnology (Smithsonian), 147, 148, 152

Burke, John, 139

Calvin, John, 5, 9, 21

camp-meetings, 114, 115, 118; Cane Ridge revival, 113, 120; picturesque aspects, 115–17; sublime aspects, 121; vulgarity of, 117, 121

caraïbes, 2, 4–5, 6, 9, 22, 23

Casey, Edward S., 104

Chamberlin, Mason, 67; Benjamin Franklin, xvii, 64, 67–68, 70–71, 78–80, 84, 86–87, 97

Chelsum, James, 95

Chion, Michel, xiv

Cicero, 46

cinema. See film

cinema of attraction, 128–29

Clastres, Hélène, 22

Clio, 50, 53, 59

Cody, William F. See Buffalo Bill’s Wild West

Cole, Thomas, xiii, xvii–xviii; art history and, 100–102; “The Bewilderment,” 108; Camp Meeting at Night, 115; cave imagery, 107–12; dissenting tradition and, 122; Elijah at the Mouth of the Cave, 111–12; “Essay on American Scenery,” 107, 112, 117–18; Garden of Eden, 108; Kaaterskill Falls, xvii–xviii, 102–13, 121, 124, 178n13, 178n15; Landscape Composition, St. John in the Wilderness, 118; list of ideas for paintings, 113, 115, 117; religious revivals and, 115, 117, 121–22, 180n42; View from Mount Holyoke, 102, 104; The Voyage of Life: Childhood, 108

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: Kubla Khan, 108

Collinson, Peter, 79

Columbus, Christopher, 6, 14, 15, 16

Constable, John, 52; The Hay Wain, 52–53

Cooper, James Fenimore: The Pioneers, 104, 106–7

Correr, Gregorio, 47

Cox, Francis, 120

Crary, Jonathan, 145, 146

cult of nature, 121

Dalibard, Thomas-François, 96

dance: buffalo, 127, 133–35; circular, xvi, 6–10, 26, 157; around the golden calf, 7–9; morris, 9; Omaha war, 127–28, 133–35, 183n5; pagan aspects, 7–10, 16, 18; Reformation critiques of, 9; Tapuya, 33–34; Tupinambá, 1–6, 18, 19, 21–22, 24, 26, 32. See also Ghost Dance

Daneau, Lambert: Traité des danses, 9

Dati, Giuliano, 14

de Brosses, Charles: Du culte des dieux fétiches, 92

de Bry, Theodor, xvi, 34, 127; America, 2, 9, 19–21, 22, 24, 26–27, 28–30; deer hunt (engraving), 29–30; as Protestant publisher, 20–21, 24; Tupinambá dance (engraving), 2, 3–6, 23–24, 26–27, 32–33; Virginia dance (engraving), 9–10

de Certeau, Michel, xiii, 2, 113

Delbourgo, James, 70

Dickson, Antonia. See Dickson, William Kennedy-Laurie

Dickson, William Kennedy-Laurie, 126; History of the Kinetograph, 127, 131, 140, 141–42, 183n3

distant view, 26–27, 40–41, 99–100, 106–7, 124, 157

Domus aurea, 14, 18

Dublin Group. See mezzotints

Durand, Asher: Kindred Spirits, 123–24

Dürer, Albrecht, 34, 84

Eckhout, Albert, 33, 36, 37, 39; Tapuya Dance, 33–34, 60

Edison, Thomas, xiii–xiv, xvii, 125, 130, 141, 145–46. See also Dickson, William Kennedy-Laurie

electrical demonstrations, 70, 74, 78, 80–83; dangers of, 83–84. See also magical picture

Eliade, Mircea, 71

Elliott, J. H., 41

Elliott, Michael, 153

eloquentia, 57

enthusiasm, xvii, 74, 77–78. See also religious revivals

Erasmus of Rotterdam, 34, 84

Farther, and more terrible Warnings from God, 63

Fernandes, Vasco: Adoration of the Magi, 16, 56

Fernsicht. See distant view

fetish, 89, 92, 94, 100; commodity, 96

Figure des Brisilians, 31–32

film: enchantment and, xi, 140–41; sound synchronization and, xiii–xiv, xviii, 130, 141–42, 144–46. See also kinetoscope

Finney, Charles Grandison, 118, 120, 121

Fisher, Edward, 67, 80, 95–96

Flaherty, Robert, x, xiv. See also Nanook of the North

Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier de: Histoire des oracles, 92

Forestier, Amédée: Ghost Dance of the Sioux Indians, 135, 137

Fragonard, Jean-Honoré: Au Génie de Franklin, 67

Franklin, Benjamin, xvii, 64, 67, 157; experimental activities, 64, 80, 81, 83; Experiments and Observations on Electricity, 64, 73, 79; Fisher mezzotint and, 96; portraits of, 64, 67, 171n6; printing activities, 77, 78; technological modernity and, 85–86. See also magical picture

Franklin, Deborah, 80

Freedberg, David, 18, 38

Freke, John, 73–74

Friar, Natasha, 130

Friar, Ralph, 130

Gainsborough, Thomas, 52

Gaisberg, Fred, 151

Ghost Dance, xviii, 131; Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and, 135–36, 137–39; among Lakota, 131, 132–33, 135, 137; James Mooney and, 146–48, 149, 151–54; press coverage of, 131, 134–35, 137; Sioux Ghost Dance, 131; suppression of, 133, 139, 154. See also Wovoka

God’s Terrible Doings are to be Observed, 63

gramophone, x–xi, xii, xiii, xiv, 144, 145, 148, 149, 153. See also phonograph

graphophone. See phonograph

Great Awakening, xvii, 63, 77, 78

grotteschi. See under Pinturicchio

Guild of St. Luke (Haarlem), 36, 166n11

Gunning, Tom, 128, 144

Harriot, Thomas: Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia, 9, 20

Hegel, G. W. F., 100

Heidegger, Martin, x

Heise, William, 126, 142

Hendrik, Frederik, 34, 54, 57

Henri II, 30–32, 157

Herrera, Antonio de: Historia general, 20

heterology, xiii

Historia naturalis Brasiliae, 36

Hochstrasser, Julie, 53, 170n56

Holy Bear, 130, 154

Honour, Hugh, 33, 34

humanism: Dutch art and, 49–50; history-writing and, 57–58; oratory and, 46, 57–58

Huygens, Constantijn, 34

Inter caetera, 16

istoria, xvi, 46–50, 52, 58

Kaaterskill Falls: in Cooper’s Pioneers, 104, 106–7; kinetoscope and, 127, 183n3; as tourist destination, 106, 178n16

Kant, Immanuel, 64, 84, 171n5

kinetograph. See kinetoscope

kinetophone, 142, 144, 145. See also kinetoscope

kinetoscope, xviii, 125, 154–55; parlor at 1155 Broadway, 125, 126; Sioux Ghost Dance, xviii, 131, 140, 141, 144, 146, 149, 184n14; sound reproduction and, 141–42, 144–46, 186n46; as war machine, 129–30, 140. See also Dickson, William Kennedy-Laurie; Edison, Thomas

Kinnersley, Ebenezer: electrical demonstrations, 70, 78, 80, 81–82, 87; preaching, 77

Kircher, Athanasius, xv

Kneller, Godfrey: King George II, 87

Lakota: assimilationist policy and, 132–33; in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, 126, 139, 154–55; in early film, 127–30

landscape: art history and, 50, 52–53, 62, 100–102, 124; boredom and, 39, 44; British, nineteenth-century, 50, 52–53; exoticism and, 37–38; mood and, 100; as parergon, 48, 58; as pastoral retreat, 44–45; silence of, xvi, 41–43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52–53, 59, 62; van Mander on, 49

Land-without-Evil, 22

Larsen, Erik, 40

Latour, Bruno, x

Law, William, 74

Le Moyne de Morgues, Jacques, 28–29

Léry, Jean de, xvi; as Calvinist missionary, 1; Histoire d’un voyage faict en la terre du Brésil, 1–6, 9, 18–19, 21–22, 23–24, 27, 32; as Protestant author, 21, 23–24

Lessing, G. E.: Laocoön, xiv, xv

Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 1, 2

lightning: divine aspects, xvii, 63–64, 70–73, 74, 77; experimentalism and, 64, 67, 70–71, 73, 77, 78–81, 83–84; Hopi snake dance and, 85–86; iconography of, 71–72, 172n14; limits of representation and, 84–85, 97

lightning rod, 64, 73

Livy, 57

Louis XIV, 37

Lucretius: De rerum natura, 71

Ludwell, Philip, III, 67

Luther, Martin, 21

magical picture, xvii, 87, 89, 92, 94; art history and, 96–97

Mantegna, Andrea: San Zeno altarpiece, 47–48, 58

maraca, 4–5, 6, 19, 21, 22–24, 28

Marcgraf, Georg, 36

Marryat, Frederick, 117, 121, 122

Martin, Benjamin, 73–74

Marx, Karl, 96

Maryland Historical Society, xiv

Mather, Cotton, 72–73

Maurits, Johan, 33, 34, 35, 37; in Barlaeus’s Historia, 54–56, 57, 58, 59; military endeavors, 35, 44, 45; as patron, 35–36, 39, 54

Mauritshuis (The Hague), 34, 36, 45

Maus, Marion P., 137

McArdell, James, 95

mechanical objectivity, 148

Medici, Catherine de’, 30

mezzotints, 94–96

Michaud, Philippe-Alain, 140

Mignolo, Walter, 26–27, 28

Milbert, Jacques Gérard, 115

Miller, Perry, 121

mimesis, xi, 28, 32

Modern Constitution, x–xi. See also Latour, Bruno

Monk, Samuel, 121

Montaigne, Michel de: “Of Cannibals,” 28

Mooney, James: The Ghost Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890, 146, 151–54; phonograph, use of, 147–48, 149, 151, 154, 186n50; at World’s Columbian Exposition, 149

Morgan, Lewis Henry, 148

Moses, 7–8, 18, 26

Muybridge, Eadweard, 141

Nanook of the North, x–xi, xii, xiii, xiv

National Museum of American Art, 102

near vision, 99

Niagara Falls, 104–5; kinetoscope and, 127, 183n3; revivalism and, 118, 120–21

Noble, Louis Legrand, 123

No Neck, Johnny Burke, 133, 141, 183n5

Norris, Frank: McTeague, 155, 188n66

oracles, 92, 94

Panofsky, Erwin, 26

Paolucci, Antonio, 14, 162n23

paragone, 27

parergon. See landscape

Peale, Charles Willson: Benjamin Franklin, 171n6; Staircase Group, 89

Petrarch, Francesco, 26

phonograph, 141, 142, 144, 145; as anthropological tool, 148–49, 151. See also gramophone

Picart, Bernard: frontispiece to Histoire des oracles, 92; Le grand sacrifice des Canadiens à Quitchi-Manitou, 10–11

Piccolomini Library, 14–15

Pinchbeck, William, 94

Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Betto): Borgia apartment frescoes, 11, 13–18, 20; grotteschi, 14–15, 18

Piso, Willem, 36

Plante, Franciscus: Mauritiados, 36

Plato: Republic, 107, 108, 111

Pliny the Elder: Natural History, 48, 84

Post, Frans, xvi, 35–36, 44, 50, 157; Fort Ceulen on the Rio Grande (etching), 54–56; Fort Maurits on the shore of the São Francisco River (etching), 54, 58, 59; The Ox Cart, 53; São Francisco River, 40–42, 45, 48, 50, 53, 54, 60, 62, 168n27; View of Fort Ceulen, 38–39, 43, 50; View of Itamaracá, 37, 40; View of Olinda Cathedral, 37–38, 53

Post, Pieter, 36

Powell, John Wesley, 147, 148, 152–53

Priestley, Joseph: The History and Present State of Electricity, 73, 81, 83–84

Protogenes, 48

Psalm 107, xvi, 19, 21

Quintilian, 46

“Red Men Again Conquered,” 129–30, 131, 140

religious revivals. See camp meetings; Great Awakening; Second Great Awakening

Remington, Frederic: The Ghost Dance of the Ogallala Sioux, 137

Reynolds, Joshua, 95

Richmann, Georg Wilhelm, 84

Rider, Alexander: Camp Meeting, 118

Riegl, Alois, 39–40, 49, 99–100, 101, 107, 157, 177n5

Roach, Joseph, 95

Roberts, Jennifer, xii

Rouen, royal entry, 30–32

Rowland, John, 77

Royal Academy of Arts, 67

Royal Society, 64, 73

Sadeler, Jan: Dance around the Golden Calf, 7, 8, 26, 162n14

Saint Francis of Assisi, xv

salvage ethnography, 148

San Damiano Crucifix, xv

Schaffer, Simon, 73

Schmidt, Leigh Eric, xii

Scipio Africanus, 57

Second Great Awakening, xvii, 113–15, 121, 122; scholarly assessment of, 114. See also camp meetings

Short Bull, 135, 154

Simonides of Ceos, xiv

Sinner’s Thundering Warning-Piece, The, 63

Sioux Ghost Dance. See under kinetoscope

sister arts, xiv–xv, 123

Sitting Bull, 133, 136

slave trade, 35, 44

Society of Artists, 67, 95

sound: art history and, xiii, xv, 6, 35, 157–58; of camp meetings, 114, 115, 117, 120, 121, 122; ethnology and, 2; of Kaaterskill Falls, 103, 104–6, 107, 111, 113, 121, 123–24; kinetoscope and, xiii–xiv, 141–42, 144–46; landscape and, 99, 102–3, 112; sound studies, xii–xiii; speaking pictures, xiv–xv, 34–35, 96; thunder, 63–64, 73; of Tupinambá dance, 2, 4–6, 21–24, 32. See also aural imagination

Sousa, John Phillip, 151

Staden, Hans: Warhaftige Historia, 22–23

stadtholder. See Hendrik, Frekerik

Stimmung, 100, 157

St. Luke’s Episcopal Church (Catskill), 123, 182n66

sublime, 84–85, 100, 105, 121

tablets of the law, 7, 9

Tacitus, 57

Tapuyas, 33–34, 38–39, 54–56

Taussig, Michael, xi, 32

Tennent, Gilbert, 63–64, 70, 77, 96; All Things Come Alike to All, 63–64; The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry, 77

Thevet, André, 164n49

Thirty Years’ War, 44

thunder house, 80–81

Timucuans, 28–29

Trollope, Frances, 115–17, 121, 122

Trumbull, John, 103, 104, 107, 122, 178n14; Niagara Falls, 104–5

Tupinambá, xvi, 1–6, 16, 19, 21–24, 30–32

Tylor, Edward, 28, 32

ut pictura poesis, xiv, 124

van Brosterhuyzen, Jan, 54, 170n57

van Ceulen, Matthias, 43

van de Velde, Esaias, 36

van Goyen, Jan, 36

Vanhaelen, Angela, 40

van Leyden, Lucas: Worship of the Golden Calf, 7–8

van Mander, Karel: Schilder-Boeck, 44, 49

van Musschenbroek, Pieter, 83

van Ruysdael, Salomon, 36

Vasari, Giorgio, 48, 49

Vaucanson, Jacques: mechanical duck, 87, 89, 175n55

Vermeer, Johannes: Art of Painting, 50, 59; View of Delft, 45–46

Villegagnon, Nicolas Durand, 1

Voltaire, 89

Vossius, Gerardus Joannes, 57; Ars historica, 57; De quatuor artibus popularibus, 58

Vrijburg palace, 34, 37

Vrints, Joan Baptista, 7

Wadsworth, Daniel, 103, 104, 108, 118, 122

Wagener, Zacharias, 39

Wall, William Guy: Kaaterskill Falls, 109

Wallach, Alan, 122

Warburg, Aby, 16, 18, 85–87, 130

Watson, William, 82, 83

Weber, Max, x, 85

Weschler, Lawrence: “Inventing Peace,” 45–46

Wesley, John, 114

West India Company (WIC), xvi, 35, 43, 44

Whatley, Janet, 19

White, John, 20

Whitefield, George, 78, 113–14

Wilson, Benjamin, 64; Benjamin Franklin, 64, 67

Wilson, Fred, xiv–xv

Wilson, Richard, 52

Winckelmann, Johann Joachim, 16

Wolf, Bryan Jay, 100–101

Wood, Christopher, 48

World’s Columbian Exposition, 149

Wounded Knee, xviii, 131, 133, 137, 138–39

Wovoka, 131, 147, 151

Yellow Nose, 131, 137

Yugoslav War Crimes Tribunal, 45–46

Zincgref, Julius Wilhelm: Emblematum ethico-politicorum centuria, 72

Zoöpraxiscope, 141

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